India at the G7: Unlocking Climate Leadership and Global Influence

India’s presence at the upcoming G7 Summit in Canada highlights its growing influence in the world. As the fifth-largest economy, India is increasingly involved in global discussions on key issues like climate action and energy security. This year’s summit is themed “Building Future-Ready Partnerships,” perfectly aligning with India’s strengths in clean energy and sustainable development.

Although India is the third-largest emitter of carbon dioxide after China and the U.S., its per capita emissions are low—just 1.9 tonnes in 2022 compared to the global average of 4.7 tonnes, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). Despite its developmental challenges, India aims for net-zero emissions by 2070 and plans to rely on non-fossil fuels for 50% of its energy by 2030. Recent government data shows that India’s non-fossil energy capacity has already reached 190 GW, ahead of its 2030 target.

As Aarti Khosla, director of Climate Trends, notes, “India’s climate journey is not just about scaling renewables; it focuses on building resilience against climate change.” India’s solar energy potential is massive, estimated at 10,830 GW. This growth is crucial as global electricity demand is projected to surge, making India a vital player in worldwide clean energy efforts.

India is also investing in critical minerals like lithium and cobalt, essential for clean energy technology. This aligns with the G7’s push for secure mineral supply chains. Experts like Saloni Sachdeva Michael from IEEFA emphasize India’s potential to be a significant hub for mineral diplomacy through initiatives like the National Critical Minerals Mission launched in 2023.

Energy diversification has become a priority, especially after recent global crises. While the G7 grapples with fossil fuel dependency and seeks to phase out subsidies by 2025, India can offer insights on renewable energy investments instead of relying on natural gas solutions. Purva Jain, another energy specialist at IEEFA, believes India could show the G7 how to affordably scale up renewable energy, all while addressing methane emission reductions.

Beyond climate issues, India is strengthening its economic ties with G7 nations. With $83.5 billion in foreign direct investment last fiscal year—booming from countries like the U.S., Japan, and Germany—India is becoming a manufacturing alternative to China, notably shifting parts of Apple’s iPhone production to Indian factories.

Geopolitically, India is also pivotal. Its participation in initiatives like the Quad (with the U.S., Japan, and Australia) ensures stability in the Indo-Pacific. The proposed India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor reflects this, creating robust trade routes to rival China’s Belt and Road Initiative.

Moreover, India serves as a voice for the Global South, advocating for fair climate financing and reforms to the global financial system. It has called for developed nations to provide at least $1.3 trillion annually in climate funding starting in 2025. Its efforts to include the African Union in the G20 showcase its commitment to inclusive global decision-making.

India’s role at the G7 will be significant not just for its interests but for the wider message of equity and sustainability it represents. This summit presents an opportunity for India to drive crucial discussions on climate finance, renewable energy, and global cooperation, making a lasting impact on the world stage.



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