“How Greek Forests Are Thriving Amid Drought: Discover What They Need for Survival” | eKathimerini.com

Forests are often called the “lungs” of our planet, especially as climate change brings new challenges. In Greece, the story is complex. Surprisingly, there are now more forested areas than 30 years ago, even as forest protection efforts have faded.

Experts weigh in on this paradox. Ioannis Gitas, a professor at Aristotle University, notes that Greek forests have grown by 18% since the early 1990s, largely due to fields being abandoned as farmers move away. However, many areas lack proper forest maps, complicating effective management.

While forests in remote areas are thriving, those near populated regions are struggling. For instance, from 2017 to 2024, wildfires destroyed about 37% of the forests in Attica. Gitas argues that the lack of management has led to significant degradation of these areas.

A troubling trend is emerging. A European Environment Agency study found that carbon absorption in forests has dropped by 30% in the past decade, despite a 6% increase since 1990. Gitas highlights how climate change is reshaping forest growth and biodiversity. Rising temperatures and drought are altering growing seasons. Only drought-resistant plants can thrive, making ecosystems less diverse and more vulnerable to threats like pests and disease.

Wildfires are a constant threat. Over the last nine years, an average of 45,000 hectares have burned each year, with nearly half being pure forestland. Filippos Aravanopoulos, also from Aristotle University, points out that fires are now reaching higher elevations, destroying ecosystems that aren’t accustomed to such events.

Despite the challenges, Greek forests have a unique resilience. Many species are adapted to withstand fire. For example, certain pines have cones that only open after a fire, allowing seeds to spread. However, frequent fires disrupt this natural recovery. For example, on Chios Island, recent fires devastated areas that had burned just a few years prior.

Experts agree that the situation is alarming. Nikos Nanos, another associate professor, emphasizes the need for better forest management. Current trends show a projected 17% drop in rainfall, leading to drier conditions. While some species may migrate to cooler areas, others may struggle to survive.

There’s growing concern about how to protect these vital ecosystems. Historically, Greece actively managed its forests. Now, the focus seems to be more on strict protection than on sustainable management. Nanos warns that neglecting forests could lead to greater losses. He advocates for a shift back to active forest management, including cleaning and removing excess biomass to prevent megafires.

Expert opinions reveal a pressing need for strategic adaptation. While there are discussions about introducing more fire-resistant species, it’s crucial to consider the complex interactions in the ecosystem. Changes could have unintended consequences that may worsen the situation.

To truly protect these forests, experts urge investment in long-term strategies. Creating a dedicated agency for forest protection is vital for developing sustainable policies. Forests have immense potential, but if we leave them unmanaged, the losses could be severe. As past events highlight, a change in our approach is critical to ensure the survival of Greece’s invaluable woodlands.

Source link

CLIMATE CRISIS, ENVIRONMENT, FIRE, NEWS, IN DEPTH