Uncovering the Hidden Dangers: How PFAS Chemicals are Contaminating Your Water, Food, and Backyard

PFAS, often called “forever chemicals,” are linked to serious health and environmental issues. Despite growing concerns, federal regulations won’t be fully in place until 2031, leaving communities at risk.

One of the most affected areas is the Cape Fear River in North Carolina. This 200-mile river has been heavily polluted by the Chemours Fayetteville plant, which has discharged toxic waste for years. Locals like Ty Jacobus, who runs Honeybird Organic Farm near Wilmington, discovered PFAS in their well water only in 2022. “We were aware of the problem in the river long before,” he said. His once-thriving farm is now deserted due to contamination that ended up in his crops and eggs, which tested well above the safety limits.

PFAS stand for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. These chemicals are in countless everyday items, from Teflon pans to makeup. “They’re everywhere,” says Dr. Linda Birnbaum, a scientist at the National Institute of Health Sciences. “They’re useful but also dangerous.” Over 15,000 types exist, and the risks they pose are alarming. Research indicates they may lead to increased cancer rates, fertility issues, and weakened immune systems, disrupting various bodily functions.

The widespread use of PFAS traces back to at least World War II, particularly in military applications. Investigative journalist Mariah Blake highlights that the U.S. government recognized their toxicity as early as 1947. Now, these chemicals are found not just in the U.S., but also in remote areas like Mount Everest.

Military bases are notably contaminated, with groundwater around these sites often showing PFAS levels far exceeding safety limits. This pollution affects many communities who rely on contaminated groundwater without proper filtration systems. Efforts to hold companies accountable are ongoing, but delays and rollbacks in regulation raise serious concerns. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has faced backlash for loosening restrictions and cutting funding for critical research.

Despite these challenges, there is a growing movement. Over 30 states have introduced laws to limit or ban PFAS in consumer products. Companies like 3M are also phasing out these chemicals. “It’s about public awareness,” says Dr. Birnbaum. “When consumers demand safer products, change happens.”

For now, Ty Jacobus has worked hard to make his farm free from PFAS, though it took years and significant financial resources. Communities across the nation continue to strive for clean water and greater accountability, pushing to ensure that lasting change occurs.

PFAS pollution is a pressing issue that impacts everyone. You can learn more about its prevalence in drinking water across the U.S. through the EPA and Environmental Working Group’s interactive maps, reflecting a nationwide concern that demands attention. To explore data on PFAS contamination, check out the Environmental Working Group’s map here.

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