World Breastfeeding Week 2025: Addressing the Alarming 64% Exclusive Breastfeeding Rate in Indian Infants Under 6 Months – Understanding the Causes of This Concern

For most of human history, breastfeeding was simply part of life. It was natural, without the influences of formula bottles or marketing campaigns pushing alternatives. But now, in 2025, the scene is different. In India, which has over 1.4 billion people, more than half of infants still miss out on exclusive breastfeeding during their crucial first six months. This recommendation comes from the World Health Organization (WHO), yet many babies are fed other substances like cow’s milk or sugar water, which can lead to health problems.

World Breastfeeding Week

World Breastfeeding Week, celebrated from August 1 to 7, emphasizes the importance of supporting mothers and infants. This year, the theme is “Healthy Beginnings, Hopeful Futures.” Despite the efforts, statistics reveal a troubling picture in India. The National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) finds that only 64% of infants under six months are exclusively breastfed. Alarmingly, only 41% of newborns are breastfed within the first hour after birth, when colostrum—rich in antibodies—is available.

Cultural Shifts and Challenges

Historically, breastfeeding was essential. But urbanization and the rise of formula marketing have overshadowed its importance. Many women in cities, especially those working in tech or service jobs, return to work shortly after giving birth. The lack of paid maternity leave or nursing rooms makes breastfeeding challenging. In rural areas, traditional practices persist, but education gaps mean many women miss out on breastfeeding benefits.

Cultural myths also complicate matters. Some believe colostrum is harmful, which drives women away from breastfeeding. This isn’t just ignorance; it reflects a deeper issue involving class and gender.

Global Insights

According to the UNICEF Global Breastfeeding Scorecard 2024, global trends show modest improvements with exclusive breastfeeding increasing by over 10 percentage points in the last 12 years. Yet, the average worldwide rate is just under 48%, far below the target of 70% by 2030. In some countries like China and Nigeria, supportive policies and community campaigns have created positive changes.

India, while showing small improvements, still faces serious consequences. Suboptimal feeding practices contribute to weakened immunity and cognitive delays in millions of infants.

Importance of Breastfeeding

Breast milk is a complete food that helps build a baby’s immune system. It serves as the child’s first vaccine, protecting against serious diseases like diarrhea and pneumonia. Better breastfeeding practices could save nearly 600,000 children globally each year.

For mothers, breastfeeding lowers the risk of several health issues, including breast cancer and type 2 diabetes. Despite these advantages, the modern economy often sidelines breastfeeding instead of viewing it as a crucial health pillar.

Economic Impact

Not breastfeeding has substantial economic implications. Countries lose billions in potential productivity and increased healthcare costs. In India, addressing malnutrition and low birth weight through exclusive breastfeeding would significantly reduce these burdens.

Path Forward

To reach the goal of 60% exclusive breastfeeding in India by 2030, key actions are necessary:

1. Enhance Health Infrastructure: Ensure early breastfeeding initiation in hospitals.
2. Workplace Reforms: Implement paid maternity leave and create supportive work environments.
3. Public Awareness Campaigns: Counter false information with culturally relevant, accurate messaging about breastfeeding.
4. Comprehensive Support: Empower healthcare workers to assist mothers throughout the breastfeeding journey.
5. Father Involvement: Educate dads about the importance of their support for breastfeeding success.

As we celebrate World Breastfeeding Week, it’s important to recognize that breastfeeding is more than a personal choice; it’s essential for public health. The future of human health may rely more on this natural gift than on technological advancements.

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