The International Court of Justice (ICJ) made a groundbreaking ruling on climate change in July. The court stated that countries can be held accountable for their greenhouse gas emissions. This unanimous advisory opinion could change international climate law significantly.
Yuji Iwasawa, the court president, emphasized that climate change is a massive threat to life on Earth. Nations must protect the climate, and failing to do so can lead to legal consequences, including reparations for environmental damage.
Nikki Reisch, from the Center for International Environmental Law, called it a pivotal moment for climate justice. This ruling was influenced by a youth group, Pacific Islands Students Fighting Climate Change (PISFCC), advocating since 2019 for the ICJ to address climate obligations. Their persistent efforts, supported by Vanuatu, culminated in the court’s decision.
While the ruling isn’t binding, experts like those at the Stockholm Environment Institute believe it arms vulnerable nations with fresh legal arguments for holding polluters accountable.
Vishal Prasad from PISFCC noted that this decision aligns with the principle of climate justice: those most affected by climate change should receive protection and support.
Climate Advocacy at the Vatican
On July 9, Pope Leo XIV led the Vatican’s first Mass focused on environmental care amid a historic heatwave in Europe. This Mass reflected a commitment to creation care, a theme championed by his predecessor, Pope Francis, who had criticized consumerism and climate change in his 2015 encyclical, *Laudato Si*.
Though the new liturgy includes important environmental messages, some critics argue it fails to fully acknowledge humanity’s role in causing climate change. Daniel P. Horan, director at Notre Dame, highlighted this anthropocentric view.
Legal Action Against Fossil Fuel Companies
In a landmark case, Misti Leon is suing several major fossil fuel companies, claiming their negligence contributed to her mother’s death during a catastrophic heatwave in Seattle in 2021. The lawsuit marks a significant step in holding corporations accountable for their role in climate-related deaths, arguing these companies were aware that their products contribute to extreme weather.
Shark Meat Controversy in Brazil
In Brazil, government-provided meals have begun including shark meat, exposing vulnerable populations—like schoolchildren and patients—to harmful levels of heavy metals. Approximately 5,900 public institutions may have served shark meat since 2004. High mercury and arsenic levels in shark tissue pose significant health risks, especially for children and pregnant women.
As top predators, sharks accumulate toxins, raising concerns for public health and marine conservation. Moreover, industrial fishing practices have decimated shark populations globally, with over 70% lost in the past 50 years.
Impact of Extreme Weather on the Homeless
New research highlights that homeless individuals are particularly vulnerable to extreme heat. A study found they visited emergency departments for heat-related illnesses at rates 27 times higher than the general population during the summer of 2021. Factors such as unstable living conditions and existing health issues contribute to this heightened risk.
The study urges the need for more shelters and cooling centers to protect at-risk populations from climate impacts.
Health Risks Linked to Oil and Gas Wells
Recent studies show children living near dense oil and gas developments are over twice as likely to develop leukemia compared to unaffected children. Researchers found a clear correlation between the proximity to drilling sites and increased health risks. This evidence could guide public health policies to better protect vulnerable communities.
Experts call for stricter regulations to limit the cumulative effects of oil and gas development on community health.
Conservation and Poaching in Africa
A recent study suggests that dehorning rhinos to prevent poaching is more effective than traditional methods like security patrols. An analysis from South Africa found that poaching incidents dropped by 78% following dehorning efforts. However, concerns remain regarding its effects on rhino behavior and social interactions.
While dehorning can deter poachers, it requires constant management as horns grow back, and rhinos can still face threats from poaching even after dehorning. Policymakers are urged to consider all factors when implementing conservation strategies.
Connections Between Climate Denial and Antigay Movements
New findings reveal that many groups opposing trans rights also receive significant funding from fossil fuel companies. A study tracked donations to conservative groups and found that 80% had financial ties to the oil industry. The implications suggest that anti-trans rhetoric is being used to gain political momentum and distract from climate issues.
Experts warn that addressing these connections is vital for effective climate action.
Innovative Tool Use in Marine Mammals
Remarkably, scientists have discovered that killer whales manipulate bull kelp in an intricate social behavior called “allokelping.” This new insight into orca behavior illustrates the complexity of their social structures, crucial for their survival as their numbers dwindle.
Understanding such behaviors is vital for conservation efforts, as orcas face multiple threats, including declining prey populations due to climate change.
Weather Extremes in Urban Areas
A recent report highlights that a significant number of large cities around the world are experiencing increased climate “weirding,” with extreme weather events becoming more common. In a study of 112 major cities, data showed that many regions face unpredictability, shifting between extreme droughts and flooding, underlining the urgency of adapting urban infrastructure.
This research points to the necessity of preparing cities for the impacts of climate change, particularly for the most vulnerable populations.
Bird Extinction Crisis
Researchers have warned that more than 500 bird species could face extinction in the next century. The study emphasizes that merely reducing human impact may not be enough to save many species, highlighting the urgency for targeted conservation efforts.
These findings urge policymakers to prioritize habitat restoration and protection to ensure the survival of diverse bird species.
In Memory of Joanna Macy (1928–2025)
Joanna Macy, a revered teacher and environmental advocate, passed away in July. She inspired countless individuals with her teachings on grief and action regarding climate change and social justice. Her workshops and writings profoundly impacted the world, leaving a legacy of compassion and empowerment that will continue to inspire future generations.
