Three species of Arctic seals are inching closer to extinction, primarily due to global warming. This alarming update comes from the IUCN Red List, shared during the World Conservation Congress in Abu Dhabi.
The main culprit is the dramatic loss of sea ice, which impacts these seals’ habitats and survival. The situation is quite urgent, as Arctic warming is occurring at nearly four times the rate of the rest of the planet. This rapid temperature rise has led to a significant decrease in sea ice, which is critical for these seals.
According to the latest Red List, the conservation status of three seals has worsened:
- The hooded seal is now classified as “Endangered” instead of “Vulnerable.”
- The bearded seal and harp seal have both been moved from “Least Concern” to “Near Threatened.”
These changes underline the urgent need for conservation efforts. Ice is essential for seal reproduction, resting, and feeding. As sea ice shrinks, their ability to thrive diminishes. Dr. Kit Kovacs, an expert from the IUCN Pinniped Specialist Group, noted that every year in Svalbard, the lack of sea ice complicates the seals’ ability to reproduce and feed.
It’s not just seals that are affected. Other marine animals, including walruses and even species like the Caspian seal, also feel the impact of climate change.
Seals hold a vital role in the Arctic ecosystem. They serve as a food source for polar bears and local indigenous communities. Their presence helps maintain the balance of marine life. As “keystone species,” their survival ensures the health of the Arctic environment. Dr. Kovacs emphasized that protecting these seals is crucial for the entire ecosystem.
Unfortunately, climate change isn’t the only threat to Arctic seals. They face additional challenges like maritime transport, noise pollution, resource extraction, hunting, and bycatch in fishing gear. To safeguard these populations, experts recommend:
- Protecting key habitats;
- Minimizing bycatch;
- Sustainable hunting practices;
- Reducing noise pollution.
The IUCN Red List currently tracks over 172,620 species, with nearly 49,000 classified as endangered. Encouragingly, some species, like the green sea turtle, have seen recovery thanks to dedicated conservation efforts. Dr. Grethel Aguilar, IUCN’s Director General, highlighted the pressing need for decisive actions at the upcoming Climate COP in Belém to enhance protective measures.
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Arctic,climate change,Endangered species,global warming,seals
