As the world gears up for the COP30 summit in Belem, Brazil, from November 10 to 21, India is closely monitoring the developments. For India, this isn’t just about reducing emissions; it’s about adapting to the changing climate and ensuring resilience for its people.
The impact of climate change has already hit India hard. Recent years have seen severe heatwaves, droughts, and erratic rainfall patterns, significantly affecting everyday life.
The Heatwaves
In May 2024, India experienced extreme heat, with temperatures surpassing 45°C in several states, leading to at least 54 deaths. On average, 2024 saw about 19.8 heatwave days in the country, with human-induced climate change contributing to 6.6 days of that figure. This intensity puts a strain on healthcare, electricity, and water supplies.
Changing Rain Patterns
While floods often make headlines, shifting rainfall patterns pose a quieter challenge. Traditionally arid regions received more rain, while places that typically experience monsoons faced significant deficits. In fact, a 2024 study found that out of 729 districts, 178 had rainfall deficits, causing stress on agriculture and rural livelihoods.
Extreme Monsoons and Cloudbursts
The 2025 monsoon season marked a period of unprecedented weather activity. Regions in the Himalayas recorded 45 cloudbursts and 91 flash floods, resulting in significant disruption. Heavy rainfall linked to the El Niño phenomenon only complicated matters, with wetter areas experiencing intensified storms while drier regions got less rain. This has led to severe flooding in states like Punjab, further straining infrastructure.
The Road Ahead
These ongoing crises send a clear message for the upcoming COP30: it’s not only about cutting emissions but also about building resilience against these growing threats. India stresses the importance of financial support and technology to tackle climate impacts, particularly for vulnerable nations facing multiple disasters.
As leaders from around the globe convene in Brazil, India will hope for more than just promises. The call is for concrete commitments that address the harsh realities that the country has already experienced—storms, droughts, and heatwaves that demand urgent action.
Understanding these issues is critical. Reports indicate that climate-related disasters have disproportionately affected lower-income and vulnerable communities, revealing social inequalities that need addressing. Comprehensive strategies that embody this urgency will be essential for a sustainable future.
For more in-depth insights, refer to reliable sources such as the World Bank which provides analysis on climate risks and adaptation measures.
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COP30, climate change, heatwaves, droughts, floods, monsoon, India climate change, climate adaptation, climate resilience
