NEW DELHI, India — Autoimmune diseases are becoming more common, especially among women. Changes in weather, high pollution, and modern lifestyles are worsening symptoms. Dr. Uma Kumar from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences highlights this concern.
Autoimmune diseases can impact just one organ or affect multiple systems in the body. Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and scleroderma are among those that often involve several organs. Dr. Kumar mentions that nearly 60 different autoimmune illnesses exist, and they predominantly affect women.
Interestingly, these diseases are more frequent in women during their reproductive years due to factors like hormones and genetics. The ratio of women to men affected can be as high as 9:1 in younger ages, leveling off to about 1:1 after menopause. This disparity may stem from social misconceptions that these diseases are genetic or contagious, making many women suffer in silence and leading to mental health issues.
Symptoms tend to escalate in winter. Cold weather, reduced sunlight, and Vitamin D deficiency contribute to this increase. Additionally, air pollution plays a significant role. Studies link high pollution levels to inflammation and increased autoimmune disease risk, particularly for those living near busy roads.
Stress and poor sleep can worsen inflammation too. Night-shift workers are notably at risk. Moreover, since COVID-19, doctors have observed more autoimmune and inflammatory conditions arising, emphasizing how lifestyle and environmental factors influence health.
Unhealthy diets, smoking, and obesity are major risk factors. Obesity creates a chronic inflammatory state, escalating the chance of autoimmune disorders. Greater awareness and improved diagnostic methods have prompted more people to seek help for these conditions.
Dr. Kumar stresses that while autoimmune diseases are manageable, they often require lifelong care, much like diabetes or high blood pressure. Recognizing symptoms can be tricky; they vary widely and might include fatigue, joint pain, and skin rashes. Misleading test results can arise, as autoantibodies may be present in healthy individuals.
Caution is essential regarding unsupervised use of medications like steroids and painkillers. They aren’t necessary for everyone with these conditions. Instead, lifestyle changes are crucial. Adequate sleep, stress management, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can help reduce flare-ups. Incorporating practices like yoga can also alleviate inflammation and improve overall well-being.
In conclusion, understanding autoimmune diseases is vital. Awareness can lead to better diagnosis and treatment, allowing those affected to lead healthier lives.
For further information on autoimmune diseases and their management, check this CDC resource.
