SINGAPORE – On February 11, Senior Minister Janil Puthucheary emphasized the need for Singapore to focus more on adapting to climate change. He noted that geopolitical tensions are hindering global carbon reduction efforts.
This shift towards adaptation is crucial for Singapore, which faces risks like rising temperatures and sea levels. The Earth’s temperature has already risen by about 1.3°C since the pre-industrial era, leading to extreme weather events such as powerful cyclones and heatwaves. Recently, Singapore has experienced these effects firsthand, with temperatures reaching 37°C in May 2023 and increasing coastal flooding.
The Minister for Sustainability and the Environment, Grace Fu, pointed out that climate change could lead to drier conditions in Singapore, raising the risk of wildfires and haze. As the nation grapples with these challenges, both adaptation and mitigation—reducing emissions—are essential. While cutting emissions is important for long-term change, adaptation acts as a protective measure against immediate threats like severe heat and floods.
Singapore, being a low-lying island, is particularly vulnerable. If businesses postpone investing in flood defenses, insurance premiums could skyrocket. A recent study from Willis Towers Watson predicts that flooding-related losses in Southeast Asia could surge by as much as 1,000% in the coming years, resulting in potential economic losses exceeding $10 billion.
To tackle these challenges, a proposed law will require government agencies and private companies along Singapore’s coastlines to implement protective measures against rising seas. Companies are concerned about the costs, but experts warn that the lack of action could lead to even higher insurance premiums later.
Mr. Lee Adam Harryman from CPG Consultants noted that insurance providers are increasingly considering flood and coastal risks in their assessments. He explained that high-risk properties might face rising costs and limited insurance options over time, which could indirectly drive climate adaptation efforts.
Interestingly, there is also an economic upside to addressing climate adaptation. Dr. Janil highlighted the potential for Singapore to benefit economically by developing and exporting solutions, like advanced water technologies. Reports suggest that the market for climate adaptation solutions could reach trillions of dollars, with annual expenditure expected to rise significantly by 2030.
Local experts see opportunities in exporting flood defenses and sharing knowledge about heat resilience. In fact, Singapore has collaborated globally on initiatives tackling heat risks, such as a recent partnership with Saudi Arabia.
In the past, Singapore’s leadership has consistently stressed the importance of climate adaptation. Former Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong once stated that protecting the nation from climate-related threats is as vital as maintaining its military defenses.
However, it’s crucial to help individuals understand that their actions matter too. Community resilience is essential, especially for the elderly and vulnerable groups who may be more affected by extreme heat. While the government can implement plans, family and neighbors also play an important role in ensuring safety.
Interestingly, while Singapore remains relatively sheltered from severe impacts compared to some neighboring countries, this can create a sense of complacency. Harvey Neo from the Singapore University of Technology and Design pointed out that the way climate change is often discussed can lead to a disconnect. When people hear about climate impacts as distant problems, they may not feel the urgency to act.
Singapore is putting together its first national adaptation plan, expected to be published in 2027. This will outline key measures to counteract climate threats. Key questions will include how to fund these initiatives and gauge their effectiveness.
In sum, while challenges from climate change loom large for Singapore, there are also significant opportunities for adaptation and economic growth. As the country prepares for the future, fostering a community-wide commitment to resilience will be paramount.
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