Standing by Seven Creeks in Victoria or Spring Creek in Queensland, you might think these waterways are insignificant. But they’re crucial connections to larger rivers like the Goulburn and Condamine. These small headwater creeks are the first source of water for major rivers, providing vital flows that encourage fish migration and maintain the river’s natural rhythm. Unfortunately, they are often the first to suffer from drought and heat, especially with the growing number of small farm dams capturing water.
The Murray-Darling Basin is Australia’s largest river ecosystem, and its headwaters are now at the frontline of climate change. This year, the Murray-Darling Basin Authority is revisiting its water management plan, recognizing the significant challenges posed by climate change. Yet, the new discussion paper surprisingly underestimates the importance of smaller tributaries in maintaining the health of the entire basin.
These “forgotten” rivers and streams are vital for the basin’s sustainability. They not only provide essential water supply but also support rich biodiversity. Headwater streams are often biodiversity hotspots, sheltering insects, frogs, and fish. When these streams dry out or fragment, it disrupts entire ecosystems. In fact, research shows that climate change is intensifying wet-dry cycles in these areas, leading to longer dry spells followed by heavy rainfall, which can be harmful.
Many smaller rivers are now facing unprecedented stress. Recent data indicates that thousands of unregulated rivers are no longer flowing consistently due to climate shifts. With declining rainfall and increasing temperatures, even slight changes in water levels can become significant. Small farm dams further hinder the flow, with many streams ceasing to run for the first time.
If we want to protect the Murray-Darling Basin, we must not overlook these creeks. Their health is pivotal for the entire ecosystem, impacting water quality, habitat, and the timing of flows downstream. The 2026 Basin Plan Review is an opportunity to shift our focus toward these smaller waterways, ensuring they receive the attention they deserve in climate planning. As experts argue, maintaining these headwaters is not just beneficial; it’s essential for the ecological stability of the whole system. Without them, our larger rivers will face even more dire future challenges.
In discussing strategies, it’s crucial to include measures like limiting water extraction during dry spells and enhancing monitoring of farm dams. These steps could help sustain flow during critical periods. However, the landscape changes when rivers are full. Without the crucial replenishing flows from smaller rivers, larger river systems lose their ecological balance.
