New Zealanders generally feel their environment is stable, but worries about freshwater quality, pests, and infrastructure are still prevalent. This is according to the recent Environmental Perceptions Survey, which collects views from the public every three years.
In 2025, over 2,000 people across the country participated in the survey. It’s been running since 2000 and provides a clear picture of how people view environmental issues. The survey covers ten areas, such as air quality, rivers, lakes, and protected natural spaces.
Most respondents rated New Zealand’s environmental state as good or adequate. Many believe that environmental management has improved in recent years. Notably, more households reported actively recycling, indicating a trend toward greater community involvement in environmental care.
However, concerns linger. Freshwater systems, particularly rivers and lakes, received low ratings. People feel management in these areas is less effective than in others. In contrast, air quality is viewed positively, alongside protected natural areas.
Climate change is at the forefront of public concern. Since 2010, it has been noted as the most critical global issue. Recently, it has even surpassed freshwater quality as the primary environmental worry in New Zealand. Public opinion shows a shift; freshwater was the leading concern from 2010 to 2019 but is now considered the second-most important issue.
Infrastructure issues, like sewage and stormwater systems, are seen as major environmental pressures. Other pressing issues include waste dumping and the impact of pests. Interestingly, farming is now viewed as a less harmful activity compared to commercial fishing, which has raised more concerns since 2019.
This year’s survey also explored topics like natural hazards, freshwater fish, and the management of non-native animals like deer. Respondents generally felt somewhat informed about risks like flooding and what actions to take.
When discussing freshwater species, many people recognized eels, whitebait, and trout as common in their areas. Yet, fewer than 40% of anglers reported catching these species in the past year. If given a choice, respondents preferred efforts focused on improving whitebait numbers.
Views on non-native wild animals show mixed feelings. Most respondents believe these creatures negatively impact local ecosystems. However, there’s also recognition of their value for food, tourism, and recreation. This nuanced view reflects a deeper understanding of the balance between conservation and human interests.
Researchers noted that past studies suggest public perceptions generally align with scientific views on air and freshwater quality. In other areas, though, people often rate environmental conditions more positively than data indicates.
In summary, New Zealanders perceive progress in environmental management while remaining aware of ongoing challenges like water quality, resilient infrastructure, and climate change. For more detailed findings, check the [Bioeconomy Science Institute’s Environmental Perceptions Survey portal](https://www.bioeconomyscienceinstitute.org).
