Gyaros, often known as the “death island,” is more than just a place with a heavy history. It’s a hidden treasure of biodiversity and stunning landscapes. In many parts of the world, such islands would garner immediate attention for conservation efforts. Yet, in Greece, it took 13 long years of advocacy, including support from WWF Greece and other groups, before the Gyaros Marine Protected Area was officially established with a presidential decree on April 20. Finally, this unique area has legal protection with specific rules for management.
But creating a protected area is just the beginning. For it to thrive, three key elements are essential: knowledge, implementation, and cooperation.
Knowledge: Effective management starts with understanding. For over a decade, researchers and environmental groups have gathered data on Gyaros. This research has led to valuable findings, like the discovery of a significant Yelkouan shearwater colony by the Hellenic Ornithological Society. In addition, studies by the Hellenic Center for Marine Research show that a fishing ban has greatly helped fish stocks recover.
Implementation: A robust remote monitoring system has drastically cut illegal fishing by 85%. This change was even recognized by the European Union as a best practice for protecting marine areas. It shows that rules work best when they are enforced consistently.
Cooperation: Collaboration is crucial. Various stakeholders, including fishers, researchers, and local authorities, came together, building trust and a shared vision. The partnership with the Natural Environment & Climate Change Agency (NECCA) was also a landmark moment, allowing for dedicated management of the area.
However, challenges remain in Greece’s protected areas. Despite being criticized by the European Union in 2020, the critical environmental studies needed for more protections have been delayed. Out of 174 marine protected areas in Greece, Gyaros is only the fourth to receive official status.
On a positive note, the government has plans for two new marine parks in the southern Cyclades and the Ionian Sea. Studies for these areas were completed on time, which is a promising sign. Now, the focus needs to be on drafting and approving presidential decrees for their protection.
The journey doesn’t end with the decree. The real work begins now. Effective management requires staffing, monitoring ecosystems, and ongoing enforcement of rules. Public awareness is key too. Engaging the community helps people appreciate the importance of these protected areas.
Gyaros stands as proof that environmental protection can work in Greece, but it demands time, commitment, and teamwork. To ensure the new marine parks become true havens of life and support local development, it’s crucial to act swiftly, learning from the experiences of Gyaros. Its success is a hopeful sign, but it also highlights the continued efforts needed. The work is worth it.
Dimitris Karavellas is the CEO of WWF Greece.
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CLIMATE CRISIS, ENVIRONMENT, FISHERIES, OPINION
