KENNESAW, Ga. | May 20, 2026
For first responders, every day is different. But they all share a common challenge: making split-second decisions that can save lives. Whether it’s a car accident or a mass casualty event, these heroes need to think and act fast.
Recent research from Kennesaw State University highlights a significant issue: mental health struggles like depression, anxiety, and sleep problems can greatly affect how well first responders perform.
Mahita Polineni, a psychology student at KSU, is studying the impact of these mental health factors on emergency responders’ cognitive abilities. Working with her mentor, Dr. Kristin Horan, they examined national survey data to understand how mental health relates to job performance. Their research indicates that first responders who experience higher levels of anxiety or depression often face challenges with focus and decision-making.
“Being able to assess a situation quickly is crucial,” Polineni explained. “If someone’s mental health or sleep is poor, it can hinder their effectiveness in the field.”
One surprising finding was the strong link between lack of sleep and cognitive performance. “We know sleep is vital, but seeing how much it affects performance was eye-opening,” Polineni said. “Rest is essential, especially in high-stress jobs.”
Polineni’s interest in this topic is personal. As a high school student, she trained as an emergency responder and learned from veterans in firefighting. She saw the emotional toll these roles can take.
“They often move from one traumatic scene to another and then return to their families without processing their experiences,” she shared. This constant trauma, coupled with long shifts, leads to high burnout rates among responders. Many end up compartmentalizing their feelings just to keep going.
Dr. Horan noted, “We rely on first responders to be at their best, both physically and mentally. Yet, they are at a higher risk for sleep and mental health issues.” She emphasized the need for more resources to support these crucial workers.
“Improved cognitive performance benefits everyone involved—the responders, their teams, and the communities they serve,” Horan added.
Polineni believes emergency agencies should enhance their wellness programs by including mental health services and support for better sleep. Even simple actions like structured rest periods and access to counseling could make a big difference in performance and well-being.
As she continues her research, Polineni hopes to shine a light on the challenges faced by first responders and advocate for positive changes. “These individuals come to our aid during our most difficult times. We must ensure we support them, too.”
– Story by Christin Senior
Photos by Darnell Wilburn
