How Indonesia’s Cocoa Farmers Partner with Businesses to Combat Climate Change’s Tough Challenges

TANJUNG REJO, Indonesia — In the heart of Indonesia’s lush forests, farmers like Tari Santoso are busy tending to their cocoa trees. The sound of chainsaws fills the air as they clear away old branches, encouraging new growth. “Now it will help the tree grow new fruit,” Tari says with a smile, embodying the hope shared by many cocoa growers in the region.

Cocoa farming in Indonesia is facing tough challenges. Climate change plays a big role, as rising temperatures and erratic weather make it harder for farmers to maintain healthy crops. According to recent studies, these conditions significantly affect yields, driving cocoa prices to historic highs. In 2024, prices soared to about $12,000 per ton, nearly tripling from previous years. This surge has a direct impact on chocolate prices, pushing some manufacturers to explore artificial methods of cocoa production.

As Indonesia ranks as the third-largest cocoa producer globally, the situation is critical. Many farmers are shifting to more resilient crops, which further reduces cocoa supplies. Organizations are stepping in to help farmers adapt to the harsh realities of climate change. They are implementing new farming techniques and building better support systems.

Tari, who has partnered with the Indonesian chocolate company Krakakoa since 2016, adopted practices that helped revitalize his farm. Under their guidance, he learned to regularly prune his trees and use organic fertilizers. By integrating crops like bananas and coffee alongside cocoa, he created a healthier ecosystem that can withstand pests and diseases.

Krakakoa has trained over 1,000 farmers across Indonesia, focusing on cooperative efforts to provide low-interest loans and formalized market access. “It wasn’t very successful before we met Krakakoa,” Tari explains. “But then, we received training… things are much better.”

This cooperative model not only improves yields but also fosters a sense of community among farmers. They can pool resources to secure better financing, making them less reliant on traditional banks. According to Armin Hari from the Cocoa Sustainability Partnership, such collaborations can provide the collateral necessary for larger loans, allowing farmers to continue investing in their crops.

Despite these advancements, challenges remain. The allure of quick profits from crops like palm oil is tempting many farmers. Rajendra Aryal, the FAO’s country director for Indonesia, emphasizes that, while cocoa farming isn’t seen as profitable by everyone, he believes collaboration among stakeholders can revitalize the industry. “If we can address the major issues," he asserts, "this sector could become attractive again.”

With dedicated support and innovative practices, there is potential for a brighter future in Indonesian cocoa farming. Farmers like Tari Santoso are at the forefront of this transformation, proving that with the right help, progress is possible even in the face of adversity.

For additional insights on the impact of climate change on agricultural practices, consider exploring the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization resources.

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