India’s Aditya-L1 mission is set to watch the Sun closely in 2026. This will be a standout year as the Sun becomes very active in its 11-year cycle. During this time, solar storms and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) increase significantly. CMEs are massive bursts of solar energy and charged particles that can reach Earth, potentially affecting technology and infrastructure.
Prof. R. Ramesh from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics emphasizes that normal solar activity sees two to three CMEs daily, but this number could soar to ten or more during the peak. This increase is crucial for understanding our solar system’s star and protecting our Earth’s technology. Tracking these events can help us manage power grids and satellites.
Historically, solar storms have caused significant disruptions. The Carrington Event of 1859 is a prime example. It disrupted telegraph systems globally. More recently, in 1989, a solar storm knocked out power in Quebec, leaving millions in the dark. Even in 2022, a CME led to the loss of 38 commercial satellites.
Aditya-L1’s instruments allow for continuous observation of the Sun’s corona. Unlike other missions, it can study solar phenomena even during eclipses. The mission’s aim is not just to observe but to predict solar activity. This can inform actions to protect satellite systems.
In preparation for the upcoming peak activity, data from a significant CME recorded in 2024 will be analyzed. This event’s mass and temperature highlight the immense energy involved in solar eruptions, providing a basis for future predictions.
Monitoring solar activity is not just about scientific curiosity; it’s essential for safeguarding modern technology. As we move forward, understanding the Sun better will help us anticipate and mitigate the impacts of its powerful outputs on our planet.
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