Table of Contents

Comprehensive Current Affairs Report: June 30, 2025

This detailed report covers the most significant events and developments as of June 30, 2025, tailored for aspirants preparing for UPSC, SSC, Banking, and other government exams. Sourced from credible outlets such as The Hindu (The Hindu), The Indian Express (Indian Express), Times of India (Times of India), Hindustan Times (Hindustan Times), Business Standard (Business Standard), Livemint (Live Mint), The Economic Times (Economic Times), Press Information Bureau (PIB), PRS Legislative Research, BBC News (BBC News), Reuters (Reuters), and Down To Earth (Down To Earth), this article provides a thorough overview to give students a competitive edge.

Politics and Governance

Maharashtra Scraps Three-Language Policy

On June 30, 2025, the Maharashtra government announced the scrapping of the three-language policy for Classes 1 to 5 in state government schools, impacting nearly 80 lakh students in Marathi and English medium schools (The Hindu). This decision followed two months of opposition from academics, activists, and political parties, including the Nationalist Congress Party, who argued that the policy could dilute the focus on regional languages like Marathi. The government has canceled orders issued on April 16 and June 17 and formed an expert committee led by Narendra Jadhav, a noted economist and former Rajya Sabha member, to reassess the policy’s implementation. The committee will study the Mashelkar Committee report and has sought three months to finalize its recommendations.

Political reactions have been mixed. Opposition parties, including Shiv Sena (UBT) and Maharashtra Navnirman Sena, cautiously welcomed the move but expressed skepticism about the committee’s intentions. Uddhav Thackeray accused the BJP of attempting to divide Marathis and non-Marathis, while Raj Thackeray raised concerns about the committee’s expertise. Experts like Laxmikant Deshmukh, head of the Maharashtra language consultation committee, expressed suspicions of a hidden RSS agenda, highlighting the contentious nature of language policies in India. This development is crucial for exam questions on education policy and federalism.

Amendments to Civil Nuclear Sector Laws

The Indian government is working on amendments to the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010 (CLNDA) and the Atomic Energy Act, 1962, to open the civil nuclear sector to private and potentially foreign companies (Indian Express). These changes aim to align with the 1997 Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage (CSC), which India ratified in 2016, by easing liability provisions and clarifying supplier definitions. The amendments, part of commitments made in the Union Budget, could cap monetary and time-frame liabilities, addressing investor concerns and leveraging the Indo-US civil nuclear deal. However, the process may extend to the next Parliament session, indicating ongoing debates over safety and economic implications. This is a key topic for questions on energy policy and international relations.

Delhi Court Closes Najeeb Ahmed Case

In a significant judicial development, a Delhi court allowed the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) to close the case of Najeeb Ahmed, a Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) student missing since October 15, 2016 (The Hindu). The court granted liberty to reopen the case if new evidence emerges, marking the end of a high-profile investigation that had drawn national attention. This ruling is relevant for questions on judicial processes and law enforcement.

Economic and Financial Developments

Stock Market Declines

On June 30, 2025, Indian stock markets ended a four-day rally, with the Sensex dropping 452.44 points (0.54%) to 83,606.46 and the Nifty declining 120.75 points (0.47%) to 25,517.05 (The Hindu BusinessLine). The downturn was driven by profit-taking in banking stocks, with major laggards including Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, ICICI Bank, and HDFC Bank. However, stocks like Trent (+2.63%) and State Bank of India (SBI) (+1.87%) posted gains. The financial sector lost 0.6%, while small-cap and mid-cap indexes rose by 0.5% and 0.6%, respectively. Notable stock movements included an 11.5% slump in Sigachi Industries following a deadly explosion at its Hyderabad unit, and a 7.3% jump in Alembic Pharma after US FDA approval for a cancer injection. Corporate actions, such as Adani Enterprises raising ₹1,000 crore through non-convertible debentures (NCDs), also made headlines. These trends are critical for Banking and SSC exam questions on market dynamics.

Index/Commodity	Closing Value	Change
Sensex	83,606.46	-452.44
Nifty	25,517.05	-120.75
Crude Oil	5,611.00	+10.00
Gold	96,011.00	+541.00
Silver	105,473.00	+245.00

GoIStats Mobile Application Launch

On June 29, 2025, the National Sample Survey Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI) launched the GoIStats mobile application to make official statistics accessible to citizens (PIB). Launched on Statistics Day 2025, the app features an interactive Key Trends dashboard with socio-economic indicators like GDP, inflation, and employment data, along with one-click CSV downloads, infographics, and a user-friendly interface. Available for free on the Google Play Store (GoIStats App), with an iOS version forthcoming, this initiative enhances transparency and is a key topic for governance and digital India questions.

Decline in Under-Five Mortality Rate

India has achieved a 78% decline in the under-five mortality rate, surpassing the global average of 61%, and a 70% decline in the neonatal mortality rate, exceeding the global 54%, according to the United Nations Inter-agency group for child mortality estimation 2024 report (News on Air). The percentage of zero-dose children dropped from 0.11% in 2023 to 0.06% in 2024, reflecting the success of the Universal Immunization Programme, which vaccinates 2.9 crore pregnant women and 2.6 crore infants annually. This milestone is vital for social issues and health policy questions.

Science and Technology

Axiom-4 Mission with Shubhanshu Shukla

On June 22, 2025, the Axiom-4 mission, a collaboration between NASA, ISRO, Axiom Space, SpaceX, and Roscosmos, launched from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida (Times of India). The mission includes Gaganyatri Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, an Indian astronaut, alongside crew from Poland, Hungary, and mission commander Peggy Whitson. The 14-day mission aims to conduct scientific experiments on the International Space Station (ISS), advancing microgravity research. On June 30, 2025, reports highlighted Shubhanshu Shukla’s upcoming interaction with students and ISRO scientists on July 4 via ham radio from Bengaluru’s U R Rao Satellite Centre (Hindustan Times). This mission underscores India’s growing role in space exploration, a key exam topic.

NISAR Mission Scheduled for June 2025

The NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission is set to launch in June 2025 from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Shriharikota (India Today). Costing $1.5 billion, this mission will orbit at 700 kilometers, using a 13-meter radar antenna to scan Earth every 6-12 days for three years, producing 85 terabytes of data daily. NISAR will monitor ecosystems, ice sheets, and natural hazards, contributing to climate change and disaster management efforts. This is a critical topic for science and technology questions.

International Relations

PM Modi’s Visit to Trinidad and Tobago and Ghana

On June 30, 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Trinidad and Tobago and Ghana, reinforcing India’s commitment to the Global South, as stated by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) (Times of India). The visit builds on the Global South Summit initiatives, focusing on mutual development and cooperation. This diplomatic engagement is significant for international relations questions, highlighting India’s role in global forums.

Pakistan and China’s New Regional Bloc

Reports suggest that Pakistan and China are in advanced talks to establish a new regional organization to replace the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) (The Hindu). Aimed at enhancing regional integration and connectivity, this move could reshape South Asian geopolitics, a key topic for international relations and regional cooperation questions.

Environmental Initiatives

Incineration of Union Carbide Toxic Waste

On June 30, 2025, 358 tonnes of toxic waste from the Union Carbide factory in Bhopal, a remnant of the 1984 disaster, were fully incinerated at the Ramky Group’s Pithampur plant in Madhya Pradesh (The Hindu). The ash will be buried, resolving a 40-year environmental hazard. This milestone is crucial for environmental governance and disaster management questions.

Model Rules for Agroforestry

The Indian government issued model rules to allow controlled tree felling on agricultural land to promote agroforestry (News on Air). These rules aim to balance agricultural productivity with environmental conservation, encouraging farmers to integrate tree cultivation. This is relevant for environment and economy questions.

Sports Achievements

Ayush Shetty’s BWF World Tour Title

On June 29, 2025, 20-year-old Ayush Shetty won his maiden BWF World Tour title at the US Open Super 300 in Iowa, USA, defeating Brian Yang of Canada 21-18, 21-13 in a 47-minute match (The Hindu). This victory, following a semifinal win against top seed Chou Tien Chen, marks a significant achievement for Indian badminton, relevant for sports questions.

Other Notable Events

Telangana Pharma Plant Explosion

A tragic explosion at Sigachi Industries Private Limited in Hyderabad on June 30, 2025, killed 12 workers and injured 13, with rescue operations ongoing (The Hindu). This incident raises questions about industrial safety and labor regulations.

Kolkata Gang Rape Case

A high-profile gang rape case involving a Kolkata law student was reported as pre-planned by three of the four accused, who have a history of harassment (The Hindu). This case has sparked protests and is significant for social issues and law enforcement questions.

International Drug Cartel Busted

Punjab Police, in collaboration with other states, busted an international drug cartel, recovering over 60 kg of heroin near the Pakistan border in Rajasthan (The Hindu). This operation highlights India’s efforts to combat drug trafficking, relevant for internal security questions.

INS Tabar Rescue Operation

The Indian Navy’s INS Tabar led a rescue operation on June 29, 2025, for the MT Yi Cheng 6, an Oman-bound vessel with 14 Indian crew members that caught fire (The Hindu). This operation underscores India’s maritime capabilities and is relevant for defense questions.

Key Citations

Daily quiz on current affairs with answers English

Question 1: Which major policy did the Maharashtra government scrap in June 2025, affecting primary school education?
Option 1: The Right to Education Reforms Policy
Option 2: The Three-Language Policy
Option 3: The National Curriculum Framework
Option 4: The New Education Code
Option 5: The Mother Tongue Mandate Policy
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: The Maharashtra government announced the scrapping of the three-language policy for Classes 1 to 5 in state-run schools, which had mandated students to learn Marathi, English, and a third language. This decision came after sustained opposition from academics and regional parties. The government formed a committee led by economist Narendra Jadhav to reassess the policy’s relevance, reflecting the complexities of language politics and education governance in India.

Question 2: Which Indian astronaut is part of the Axiom-4 mission launched in June 2025?
Option 1: Shubhanshu Shukla
Option 2: Rakesh Sharma
Option 3: Gagandeep Singh
Option 4: Ritu Karidhal
Option 5: Anil Menon
Answer: Option 1
Explanation: Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla is participating in the international Axiom-4 mission, a collaboration involving NASA, ISRO, Axiom Space, SpaceX, and Roscosmos. The 14-day space mission includes scientific experiments aboard the International Space Station and signifies India’s active role in global space exploration.

Question 3: Which application was launched by the NSO to improve access to official Indian statistics?
Option 1: BharatStats
Option 2: IndiaData Portal
Option 3: MyGovInsights
Option 4: StatsNow
Option 5: GoIStats
Answer: Option 5
Explanation: The National Sample Survey Office (NSO), under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, launched the GoIStats mobile application on June 29, 2025. The app aims to provide citizens with easy access to socio-economic data, including GDP and inflation figures. It features infographics, CSV downloads, and an interactive dashboard, supporting transparency and digital governance.

Question 4: Which new regional initiative are Pakistan and China reportedly planning to replace SAARC?
Option 1: BRICS+ Cooperation Bloc
Option 2: Asian Continental Council
Option 3: Eastern Strategic Alliance
Option 4: A new regional organization for South Asia
Option 5: Eurasian Connectivity Union
Answer: Option 4
Explanation: According to reports, Pakistan and China are in talks to create a new regional organization to replace SAARC, citing SAARC’s ineffectiveness. This move could reshape South Asian geopolitics and reflects China’s expanding regional influence and Pakistan’s efforts to find alternatives to India-dominated platforms.

Question 5: What was the key environmental milestone achieved concerning the Bhopal gas tragedy site in June 2025?
Option 1: Release of a new compensation package
Option 2: International recognition as a heritage site
Option 3: Full incineration of toxic waste
Option 4: Public reopening of the site
Option 5: Government apology to survivors
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: In a landmark move, 358 tonnes of toxic waste from the Union Carbide factory in Bhopal were fully incinerated on June 30, 2025, ending a 40-year-long environmental hazard. The waste was disposed of at the Ramky plant in Pithampur, Madhya Pradesh, resolving a critical issue linked to one of the world’s worst industrial disasters.

Question 6: Who won their first BWF World Tour title at the US Open Super 300 in June 2025?
Option 1: Lakshya Sen
Option 2: Srikanth Kidambi
Option 3: Priyanshu Rajawat
Option 4: Mithun Manjunath
Option 5: Ayush Shetty
Answer: Option 5
Explanation: Ayush Shetty, a 20-year-old Indian badminton player, won his maiden BWF World Tour title at the US Open Super 300, defeating Brian Yang in the final. His performance, including a semifinal win over top seed Chou Tien Chen, marks a promising ascent in Indian badminton.

Question 7: What does the upcoming NISAR mission aim to achieve?
Option 1: Launch India’s first solar observatory
Option 2: Deploy a Mars rover jointly developed by NASA-ISRO
Option 3: Monitor Earth ecosystems and natural hazards via radar imaging
Option 4: Launch a lunar base simulation
Option 5: Set up India’s first space-based internet system
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: The NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) mission is set to launch from Sriharikota and will observe the Earth using advanced radar imaging. The satellite will provide crucial data on climate change, disasters, and environmental degradation, and is a major collaboration in Earth observation between India and the US.

Question 8: In the Indian stock market on June 30, 2025, which sector primarily led to the Sensex’s decline?
Option 1: Pharma sector
Option 2: Banking sector
Option 3: FMCG sector
Option 4: Energy sector
Option 5: IT sector
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: The Sensex fell by 452.44 points due to heavy selling in banking stocks like Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, and ICICI Bank. This decline ended a four-day rally and reflected profit-taking trends, although some stocks like Trent and SBI showed gains.

Question 9: What was the objective of the newly issued model rules related to agroforestry in India?
Option 1: Subsidize timber exports
Option 2: Permit genetically modified trees
Option 3: Allow controlled tree felling on agricultural land
Option 4: Ban eucalyptus cultivation
Option 5: Promote rooftop urban forests
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: The Indian government issued model rules to allow controlled tree felling on farmland, aiming to promote agroforestry. This step is expected to boost farmers’ income while ensuring environmental sustainability by integrating tree cultivation into agriculture.

Question 10: Which Indian Navy ship carried out a rescue operation for a burning vessel in the Arabian Sea in June 2025?
Option 1: INS Tabar
Option 2: INS Kolkata
Option 3: INS Vikrant
Option 4: INS Chakra
Option 5: INS Trikand
Answer: Option 1
Explanation: INS Tabar led a rescue operation for the MT Yi Cheng 6, an Oman-bound ship with 14 Indian crew members that caught fire. The Indian Navy’s swift response highlighted its maritime capability and role in ensuring regional maritime safety and humanitarian support.

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