Current Affairs: July 18, 2025 – A Comprehensive Guide for Government Exam Aspirants

As aspirants gear up for competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, Banking, and other government tests, staying updated with current affairs is crucial. The events of July 18, 2025, offer a wealth of information across politics, economy, defense, international relations, science, environment, and sports. This detailed article, sourced from credible outlets like The Hindu, The Indian Express, Times of India, Press Information Bureau (PIB), and Down To Earth, provides a comprehensive overview to help students excel in their preparation.

Politics and Governance: Shaping India’s Future

Nimisha Priya Case: A Test of Diplomacy

The case of Nimisha Priya, an Indian nurse from Kerala on death row in Yemen, has captured national attention. Convicted for the 2017 murder of a Yemeni citizen, her execution, initially set for July 16, 2025, was postponed, offering a temporary reprieve. The Supreme Court of India has played a pivotal role, urging the Central Government to consider a representation by the International Action Council to travel to Yemen for negotiations. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) is actively engaging with Yemeni authorities and regional allies like Saudi Arabia and Iran to secure a pardon or a blood money settlement under Yemeni Sharia law. This case underscores the complexities of international law and India’s diplomatic efforts to protect its citizens abroad. Source: The Hindu, July 18, 2025

Impeachment Motion Against Justice Yashwant Varma

Judicial accountability is under scrutiny with the proposed impeachment of Justice Yashwant Varma, a judge transferred from the Delhi High Court to the Allahabad High Court. In March 2025, a fire at his Delhi residence revealed large amounts of burnt cash, prompting allegations of corruption. A Supreme Court-appointed inquiry panel, led by then-Chief Justice Sanjiv Khanna, found sufficient evidence of misconduct, recommending impeachment. Union Law Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal clarified that the matter rests with Members of Parliament, with the government maintaining distance. The Monsoon Session of Parliament, starting July 21, 2025, may see this motion tabled, potentially marking the first impeachment of a High Court judge in India. Source: India Today, July 18, 2025

PM Modi’s Bihar Campaign

With the Bihar Assembly elections approaching in late 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi intensified his campaign during his fifth visit to the state. At a public meeting in Motihari, he coined the slogan “Banayenge Naya Bihar, Phir ek baar NDA Sarkar,” emphasizing development and the National Democratic Alliance (NDA)’s vision. This political activity highlights the strategic importance of Bihar in national politics and the competitive electoral landscape. Source: The Hindu, July 18, 2025

Monsoon Session of Parliament

The Monsoon Session of Parliament, set to begin on July 21, 2025, promises significant legislative activity. A key highlight is the tabling of the parliamentary panel report on the Income Tax Bill, 2025, introduced by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on February 13, 2025. This bill aims to replace the six-decade-old Income Tax Act, with the Select Committee, chaired by BJP leader Baijayant Panda, proposing 285 suggestions. Other bills, including the Taxation Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2025, Bills of Lading Bill, Carriage of Goods by Sea Bill, Coastal Shipping Bill, Merchant Shipping Bill, and Indian Ports Bill, are also on the agenda. Additionally, a resolution to extend President’s Rule in Manipur reflects ongoing governance challenges. These developments are critical for understanding legislative reforms. Source: The Economic Times, July 16, 2025

Other Notable Rulings

The Supreme Court has been active with significant rulings. On July 16, 2025, it ruled in favor of the Himachal Pradesh Government, mandating JSW Hydro Energy Ltd. to supply 18% free electricity as per a 1999 agreement, overriding Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) regulations. Another ruling on July 14, 2025, upheld a life sentence for a female convict but allowed her to seek a pardon from the Karnataka State Governor, reflecting the court’s emphasis on reformation. These judgments highlight the judiciary’s role in balancing contractual obligations and justice. Source: LiveLaw, July 16, 2025

Economy: Navigating Growth and Stability

RBI’s Monetary Policy

In June 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), led by Governor Sanjay Malhotra, reduced the repo rate by 50 basis points to 5.5%. This move, the third consecutive cut since February 2025, aims to spur economic growth amid global uncertainties, including potential US tariffs. The decision reflects the RBI’s confidence in India’s economic resilience, with GDP growth estimated at 6.5% for 2025-26. Source: The Indian Express, June 6, 2025

Inflation Trends

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for June 2025 reported a year-on-year inflation rate of 2.1%, the lowest since January 2019. This decline, driven by a 1.06% drop in food prices, particularly vegetables (-19%) and pulses (-11.76%), provides the RBI with flexibility to maintain an accommodative stance. However, sectors like housing (3.24%) and education (4.37%) saw slight increases in inflation. Source: Times of India, July 14, 2025

Trade Negotiations with the US

Former RBI Governor Raghuram Rajan advised caution in India’s trade negotiations with the United States, particularly in the agriculture sector. Speaking to PTI Videos, he warned that subsidized imports from developed countries could harm India’s small-scale farmers. Rajan suggested exploring foreign direct investment (FDI) in sectors like dairy to enhance value addition, noting that India’s economic growth is stable at 6-7%. The fifth round of negotiations for a Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) occurred in Washington in July 2025, highlighting the importance of strategic trade policies. Source: The Hindu, July 18, 2025

Defense: Strengthening Maritime Power

Commissioning of INS Nistar

On July 19, 2025, INS Nistar, India’s first indigenously designed and constructed diving support vessel, was commissioned in Visakhapatnam by Union Minister of State for Defence Sanjay Seth. Built by Hindustan Shipyard Limited, this 118-meter vessel, with over 80% indigenous content, supports complex deep-sea saturation diving and rescue operations up to 300 meters. Equipped with advanced technology like remotely operated vehicles and hyperbaric lifeboats, INS Nistar serves as a mother ship for deep submergence rescue vessels, enhancing the Indian Navy’s capabilities and regional maritime security. Source: The Hindu, July 19, 2025

International Relations: Global Engagement

EU Sanctions on Nayara Energy

The European Union’s 18th sanctions package against Russia over the Ukraine conflict targeted Nayara Energy, a Gujarat-based refinery where Rosneft holds a 49.13% stake. Announced on July 18, 2025, these sanctions aim to curb Russia’s oil revenues but have raised concerns about India’s energy security. Rosneft called the move “illegal,” emphasizing Nayara Energy’s role in supplying petroleum products to India’s domestic market. This development highlights the intersection of geopolitics and India’s energy sector. Source: The Hindu, July 18, 2025

India’s Role in UN Climate Conference

At the UN climate conference in Baku, the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2025 ranked India 10th among over 60 countries. The index evaluates emissions, renewable energy, and climate policies, noting India’s per capita emissions at 2.9 tons of CO2, below the global average of 6.6 tons. India’s focus on solar projects and the Rooftop Solar Scheme reflects its commitment to net-zero emissions by 2070, despite being the third-largest emitter globally due to its population. Source: GKToday, November 22, 2024

Science & Technology: Reaching for the Stars

ISRO’s Axiom-4 and LVM3-M5 Missions

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) continues to elevate India’s global space profile. The Axiom-4 mission, launched in May 2025, saw Group Capt. Shubhanshu Shukla, an Indian Air Force test pilot, conduct microgravity experiments on the International Space Station (ISS). By July 2025, post-splashdown reports confirmed his good health and the mission’s success, advancing India’s Gaganyaan program. Additionally, the LVM3-M5 mission in July 2025 launched BlueBird Block-2 satellites for AST SpaceMobile Inc., USA, under NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), showcasing ISRO’s growing role in commercial space launches. Source: ISRO, July 14, 2025

Environment: Addressing Climate Challenges

Climate Change Performance Index 2025

India’s 10th ranking in the CCPI 2025 underscores its progress in renewable energy and climate policies. The country’s focus on large-scale solar projects and initiatives like the Rooftop Solar Scheme aligns with its net-zero goal by 2070. However, India remains the seventh most vulnerable country to climate change, with 93% of days in 2024 marked by extreme weather events like heatwaves, cyclones, and floods. Source: India Today, January 31, 2025

Rising Heatwave Risks

A study released in June 2025 warns that by 2030, cities like Mumbai, Delhi, and Chennai could face a two-fold increase in heatwave days, coupled with erratic rainfall. This was discussed at the International Global-South Climate Risk Symposium in New Delhi, highlighting the need for robust climate adaptation strategies. Source: The Hindu, June 11, 2025

Sports: Triumphs and Challenges

Cancellation of India-Pakistan WCL Match

The World Championship of Legends (WCL) 2025 match between India and Pakistan was canceled due to the Pahalgam terror attack, reflecting the impact of security concerns on sports. This decision underscores the delicate balance between sports and geopolitics. Source: Times of India, July 18, 2025

Cricket Series in England

India’s cricket team is engaged in a Test series against England, with the Lord’s Test resulting in a 22-run loss. However, Ravindra Jadeja’s resilient 61* off 181 balls earned him the Team India MVP tag from coach Gautam Gambhir. The series remains competitive, with India considering strategic changes, including potentially playing Jasprit Bumrah in the Manchester Test. Source: The Hindu, July 18, 2025

Other Sports Achievements

Inter Kashi was crowned I-League Champions, marking a significant achievement in domestic football. However, India faced a setback in the 2025 Asian Women’s Youth Handball Championship, losing to Iran 42-30. Source: Outlook India, July 18, 2025

Conclusion

The events of July 18, 2025, offer a rich tapestry of developments critical for government exam aspirants. From diplomatic efforts in the Nimisha Priya case to legislative reforms in the Monsoon Session, economic policies, defense milestones, and environmental challenges, these topics provide essential insights. By understanding these issues, students can gain a competitive edge in their preparation, ensuring they are well-equipped to tackle questions on current affairs.

Daily quiz on current affairs with answers English 19 july 2025

Question 1: Who is leading India’s diplomatic efforts in the Nimisha Priya case to secure a pardon or settlement with Yemeni authorities?
Option 1: Ministry of Law and Justice
Option 2: Ministry of Defence
Option 3: Ministry of External Affairs
Option 4: Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs
Option 5: Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) is spearheading India’s diplomatic efforts in the Nimisha Priya case, coordinating with Yemeni authorities and regional allies such as Saudi Arabia and Iran to explore options like a pardon or blood money settlement. The Supreme Court also played a role by urging the government to consider an International Action Council representation for negotiation purposes.Question 2: What was the primary recommendation of the Supreme Court-appointed panel regarding Justice Yashwant Varma?
Option 1: Impeachment due to misconduct
Option 2: Transfer to a different High Court
Option 3: Suspension for one year
Option 4: Reinstatement without charges
Option 5: No action required
Answer: Option 1
Explanation: The panel, led by then-Chief Justice Sanjiv Khanna, found sufficient evidence of misconduct after a fire revealed burnt cash at Justice Varma’s residence. The panel recommended impeachment, marking a significant event in judicial accountability.

Question 3: Which of the following vessels was commissioned on July 19, 2025, to enhance India’s deep-sea rescue capabilities?
Option 1: INS Arihant
Option 2: INS Vikrant
Option 3: INS Nistar
Option 4: INS Sindhurakshak
Option 5: INS Viraat
Answer: Option 5
Explanation: INS Nistar, India’s first indigenously designed diving support vessel, was commissioned on July 19, 2025. Built by Hindustan Shipyard Limited, it enhances India’s underwater rescue capabilities and regional maritime strength. The inclusion of advanced technology like hyperbaric lifeboats and remotely operated vehicles makes it a significant asset for the Navy.

Question 4: According to RBI’s June 2025 policy, what was the revised repo rate set by the Monetary Policy Committee?
Option 1: 6.0%
Option 2: 5.5%
Option 3: 5.0%
Option 4: 4.75%
Option 5: 6.25%
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: The RBI cut the repo rate by 50 basis points in June 2025, setting it at 5.5%. This was the third consecutive rate cut since February, aimed at boosting economic growth amid global uncertainty and inflation trends.

Question 5: What rank did India achieve in the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 2025?
Option 1: 7th
Option 2: 15th
Option 3: 13th
Option 4: 10th
Option 5: 22nd
Answer: Option 4
Explanation: India ranked 10th in the CCPI 2025, reflecting significant progress in climate policy, renewable energy, and emissions control. India’s relatively low per capita emissions and its push for solar energy contributed to this strong position.

Question 6: What warning did Raghuram Rajan issue regarding India’s trade talks with the US?
Option 1: Tariffs will help local producers
Option 2: Subsidized imports may harm Indian farmers
Option 3: India should reduce agricultural subsidies
Option 4: Indian tech companies may lose US market share
Option 5: Focus should shift to textile exports
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: Former RBI Governor Raghuram Rajan cautioned that accepting subsidized agricultural imports from developed nations could negatively impact India’s small-scale farmers. He recommended FDI and value addition in sectors like dairy instead.

Question 7: Who was India’s representative astronaut on the Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station in 2025?
Option 1: Rakesh Sharma
Option 2: Anil Menon
Option 3: Sunita Williams
Option 4: Raja Chari
Option 5: Shubhanshu Shukla
Answer: Option 5
Explanation: Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla of the Indian Air Force was part of the Axiom-4 mission, where he conducted microgravity experiments aboard the ISS. This success strengthens India’s credentials for the upcoming Gaganyaan mission.

Question 8: Which company’s Gujarat-based refinery was sanctioned by the European Union as part of measures against Russia?
Option 1: ONGC
Option 2: Indian Oil Corporation
Option 3: Nayara Energy
Option 4: Hindustan Petroleum
Option 5: Bharat Petroleum
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: The EU’s 18th sanctions package against Russia included Nayara Energy, where Russian firm Rosneft holds a 49.13% stake. The sanctions aim to cut Russia’s oil revenue but raised concerns over India’s energy security.

Question 9: What was India’s recorded Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation rate for June 2025?
Option 1: 2.1%
Option 2: 3.4%
Option 3: 4.0%
Option 4: 5.2%
Option 5: 1.8%
Answer: Option 1
Explanation: The CPI inflation rate in June 2025 dropped to 2.1%, the lowest since January 2019. This was largely due to falling food prices, especially vegetables and pulses. It provides scope for the RBI to pursue an accommodative policy stance.

Question 10: What was the outcome of the India-Pakistan World Championship of Legends (WCL) 2025 match?
Option 1: India won
Option 2: Pakistan won
Option 3: Match drawn due to weather
Option 4: Match canceled due to a terror attack
Option 5: Match rescheduled to August
Answer: Option 4
Explanation: The WCL 2025 match between India and Pakistan was canceled following a terror attack in Pahalgam. This reflects how geopolitical tensions can directly impact international sporting events, especially in sensitive regions.