Agrobiodiversity plays a vital role in food security and sustainable farming. According to the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), while there are thousands of edible plants, just three—rice, wheat, and maize—provide 60% of plant-based calories and proteins for people. To change this, the African Vegetable Biodiversity Rescue Plan aims to diversify diets by focusing on African vegetable species.
This ten-year initiative, running from 2025 to 2035, addresses issues like hunger, malnutrition, and the climate crisis. It plans to rescue and utilize valuable African vegetable biodiversity while tackling challenges related to supply, demand, and policies. The World Vegetable Center is leading this effort, ensuring that farmers and researchers can access and cultivate these nutrient-rich crops.
According to Gabriel Rugalema from the World Vegetable Center, climate change threatens many native vegetables. This plan is a chance to involve various stakeholders to protect these essential species.
Here are some exciting African crops that can strengthen food systems:
- African Nightshade (Solanum): Known for its nutritional benefits, this plant is packed with vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals. Often cooked or dried, it has been a staple in Sub-Saharan Africa for centuries.
- Amaranth: This versatile crop is prized for its protein-rich seeds and nutritious leaves. It’s widely consumed in Kenya and Tanzania, where both parts of the plant have various culinary uses.
- Celosia (Celosia argentea): With its colorful flowers, Celosia adds beauty to gardens and plates. Its leaves are rich in vital nutrients and frequently used in soups across several African nations.
- Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleifera): Often called the “Miracle Tree,” Moringa is famous for its nutritional value. From leaves to flowers, every part of the tree is edible and beneficial.
- Jute Mallow (Corchorus olitorius): Native to Africa, this leafy vegetable thrives in tough conditions. Its leaves are rich in vitamins and often cooked as a side dish or soup thickener.
- Kei Apple (Dovyalis affra): These fruits are not only tasty but also add nutritional value to jams and juices. The trees withstand harsh climates, supporting local ecosystems.
- Kersting’s Groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum): A nutritious legume, it enriches soil and is a delicious addition to many dishes, making it popular among West African farmers.
- Loufa Gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca): Both a vegetable and a useful material, Loufa is eaten and used in various ways, including as a sponge when mature.
- Malabar Spinach (Basella alba): This fast-growing plant loves heat. Its leaves can be enjoyed fresh or cooked, providing essential vitamins and minerals.
- Spider Plant (Cleome gynandra): A nutritious leafy herb, Spider Plant can withstand drought. It is not only edible but also contributes to food security.
- Yambean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa): This legume offers seeds for eating and tubers for a nutritious diet. It’s rich in vitamins and can help combat malnutrition.
By focusing on these and other diverse crops, we can work towards a more resilient and secure food future in Africa.
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Source linkAfrican Vegetable Biodiversity Rescue Plan,biodiversity,climate change,Diet,nutrition,World Vegetable Center
