On a bright February morning in 2019, travelers hopped on the Vande Bharat Express from Delhi to Varanasi. They couldn’t help but admire the train’s sleek design. For them, this trip was more than just a faster way to travel; it symbolized a new era for India’s railways.
As the train sped through bustling cities and green fields, it highlighted India’s railway revolution. With the fourth largest railway network in the world, Indian Railways is making impressive strides in modernizing its services. The system, which features over 13,500 passenger trains and nearly 9,150 freight trains running daily, operates across more than 68,000 kilometers of track and serves over 7,400 stations. This extensive network carries a staggering 8 billion passengers each year.
High-speed trains
India’s first semi-high-speed train, the Vande Bharat Express, is a game-changer. These trains can reach speeds of up to 180 km/h and come equipped with amenities like Wi-Fi and onboard entertainment. By February 2025, over 130 of these trains will be in operation, connecting major cities and cutting down travel time. The Indian government aims to introduce 400 more Vande Bharat trains soon, further advancing railway travel in the country.
Electrification
Indian Railways is working hard to fully electrify its network. Currently, about 97% of its Broad Gauge tracks are electrified, with a goal of 100% by 2030. This transition helps reduce carbon emissions and reliance on fossil fuels, making train travel cleaner and more efficient.
Hydrogen-powered trains and green energy
In its push for sustainable transport, India is also developing hydrogen-powered trains. The first prototype is set to debut this year, moving away from diesel engines. Furthermore, Indian Railways is harnessing solar and wind energy. Many railway stations now have solar panels, and wind energy projects are in the works to support train operations.
Revamping railway stations
India’s railway stations are getting a major makeover through the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme. This initiative plans to upgrade more than 1,300 stations, adding modern amenities, improved accessibility, and better cleanliness.
Digital advancements and smart railways
Technology is transforming Indian Railways. AI is being used for predictive maintenance, which helps prevent breakdowns. Ticketing is now completely digital, allowing easy online bookings through platforms like IRCTC. New signaling systems and real-time tracking are being introduced to ensure safety and efficiency.
Working towards net-zero emissions
Indian Railways aims to become a net-zero carbon emitter by 2030. Initiatives like bio-toilets, energy-efficient engines, and afforestation along tracks support this goal. By embracing alternative energy sources, the railways are set to play a central role in India’s transition to clean mobility.
With ongoing modernization, electrification efforts, and a strong focus on sustainability, India’s railway system is emerging as a leader in efficient and eco-friendly transport.
