Last week, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy arrived in Brussels, aiming for a warm reception after a tense encounter with US President Donald Trump. Accompanied by European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and European Council President Antonio Costa, Zelenskyy projected a united front as he entered the EU summit.
In contrast to previous criticisms about perceived ingratitude, Zelenskyy was eager to show appreciation for European support. “We are not alone. These are not just words — we feel it,” he stated, signaling Ukraine’s recognition of European solidarity.
Von der Leyen referred to the situation as a “watershed moment” for both Europe and Ukraine, highlighting the pressing need for Europe to enhance its defense capabilities amid ongoing threats. “Europe must be able to protect itself. We need to enable Ukraine to safeguard its future and seek a just peace,” she explained.
Despite the positive vibes, EU leaders faced serious challenges. Discussions about ramping up defense spending and providing further assistance to Ukraine came amidst unsettling news: Russia dismissed ceasefire proposals supported by Ukraine, France, and Britain. The Kremlin also criticized French President Emmanuel Macron for discussing nuclear deterrents amidst a US military aid suspension.
Trump’s recent comments questioning whether the US would defend NATO allies added further uncertainty. He warned that if countries do not meet their defense spending commitments, the US might not provide protection. “If you’re not going to pay, we’re not going to defend,” he said, complicating the security landscape for Europe.
While European leaders aim to strengthen transatlantic ties, they are already considering security without US backing, a significant shift for the region.
During the summit, EU leaders backed a plan to mobilize nearly €800 billion ($870 billion) for defense investments in the upcoming years. This funding will likely come from member states willing to increase their debt for defense purposes. Von der Leyen proposed easing strict fiscal rules to allow for this necessary spending.
As for Zelenskyy, who spent an hour and a half with the EU leaders, he left with assurances of continued support, despite Hungary being the only country that did not sign the joint statement of commitment to Ukraine.
EU leaders reiterated their readiness to meet Ukraine’s military needs. This includes supplying air defense systems, ammunition, and necessary training. It’s a clear message that Europe remains dedicated to supporting Ukraine, even in the face of Hungary’s resistance.
Looking ahead, European countries are planning to boost defense expenditures significantly. With many EU nations also in NATO, they are grappling with the target of spending 2% of GDP on defense, a goal many currently fall short of.
Germany is leading this shift, with potential future leadership indicating a willingness to revise the constitution to enable increased military funding. One diplomat noted that there aren’t any cautious states anymore when it comes to defense spending, signaling a decisive move toward ramping up military capabilities across the EU.
The recent discussions may mark a significant turning point in Europe’s approach to security. While challenges remain—such as disagreements over freezing Russian assets for Ukrainian aid—the consensus on enhancing defense capabilities is clear. “If the war continues, we will support Ukraine in negotiations, reconstruction, and as it joins the EU,” Costa emphasized, reaffirming Europe’s commitment to Ukraine throughout this ongoing crisis.
