The Kaxuyana tribe, an Indigenous group from Brazil, recently celebrated a significant victory at the COP30 summit in Belém. After decades of struggle, Brazil officially recognized their ancestral land, a lush area of rainforest comparable in size to El Salvador.
This moment was a highlight for Indigenous people at the summit, where more than 3,000 gathered to advocate for their rights. Artists painted attendees with traditional body art, showcasing the rich culture of the Kayapó people. Despite their vibrant presence, many leaders expressed frustration that they were sidelined in key negotiations. Proposals aimed at reducing fossil fuel dependence and curbing deforestation—initiatives they supported—were omitted from the final agreements.
However, some positive outcomes emerged. The summit acknowledged the importance of Indigenous stewardship in preserving forests and mitigating climate change. Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim, chair of the U.N. Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, emphasized that areas managed by Indigenous people are more effective in conserving biodiversity.
Three important documents from the summit recognized Indigenous land rights and their essential role in sustainable forest management. David Kaimowitz, who coordinates for the Tenure Facility, pointed out this was the first time such acknowledgments were made at a COP meeting.
Still, not everyone was satisfied. Emil Gualinga from the Kichwa Peoples warned that merging “Indigenous peoples” with “local communities” could lead to confusion over land rights, potentially endangering Indigenous territories.
Additionally, the summit saw a financial commitment of $1.8 billion from several countries and foundations to support land rights and conservation projects in Indigenous areas. This funding aims to empower Indigenous organizations directly, bypassing intermediaries.
The Kaxuyana’s struggle began in 1968 when they were forcibly relocated due to disease and development projects. Over the years, they fought to reclaim their homeland. The recent recognition, celebrated by many during an emotional ceremony, marked a historic moment, especially poignant for elders who remembered the tribe’s troubled past.
As Indigenous people push for recognition and protection, their efforts underscore a critical truth: safeguarding these communities is vital for our planet’s health, and their knowledge is essential in tackling climate change.
For more on Indigenous rights and climate action, check out this article by National Geographic for an in-depth look at how Indigenous communities are key to sustainability.
