How Green Buildings are Pioneering the Fight Against Climate Change: Exploring the Impact of Eco-Architecture

Climate change is impacting our world, making it crucial to keep global temperatures from rising more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, as stated in the Paris Agreement. Since buildings are responsible for a substantial 37% of global carbon emissions, shifting to eco-friendly architecture—known as Green Buildings—can play a key role in this effort.

Buildings consume a lot of energy for heating, cooling, and lighting. In India, for instance, they account for 30% of total energy demand. Urban growth is driving the construction of more residential and commercial buildings, leading to increased use of systems like air conditioning. Reducing the carbon footprint of these structures is vital for fighting climate change and moving towards a net-zero future.

Green buildings are designed to use clean energy and are key to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They incorporate innovative designs that make them resilient to climate impacts. With stricter building codes in place, the construction industry is gradually adopting green practices, which also help in energy conservation. For example, India’s Energy Conservation Building Code mandates energy efficiency for new commercial buildings.

Net-zero buildings aim to minimize operational carbon emissions by using energy-efficient heating and cooling systems. These designs focus on resource efficiency, often relying on renewable energy sources. They also prioritize sustainable building materials. Using natural materials like cellulose and clay plaster can reduce environmental impact significantly. This approach can help India meet its commitment to become a net-zero country by 2070.

Water conservation is another essential aspect of Green Buildings. Many include systems for rainwater harvesting and recycling greywater. Technological advancements also enhance environmentally friendly practices. Features like high-performance insulation, energy-efficient windows, and smart technologies like sensors help optimize energy use by adjusting heating and cooling based on occupancy.

One way to improve energy efficiency is through Treated Fresh Air (TFA) systems. These systems meet ventilation needs while using less energy, improving indoor air quality and reducing the burden on HVAC systems. They can reclaim energy via energy recovery wheels, leading to significant energy savings.

Chilled beams are another energy-efficient option, reducing energy needs by 20-25% compared to traditional methods. The rise in awareness about sustainability makes the future of Green Buildings look bright. With innovative technology and eco-friendly designs, these buildings can help curb carbon emissions and combat climate change.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) enhances planning and management, further boosting the sustainability of green structures. By improving energy use and material selection, BIM plays a crucial role in making buildings more efficient.

The construction industry needs to embrace Green Buildings to tackle climate change effectively. These net-zero designs offer energy-efficient solutions while ensuring a comfortable living and working environment.

(This article is authored by Varun Pahwa, President, Desiccant Rotors International)

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Climate Change, Green Building, Carbon Footprint, Sustainable Development Goals, Treated Fresh Air Handling