How Invasive Asian Hornets Threaten Native Insects in Europe: The Growing Predator Crisis

Invasive Asian hornets are causing concern in Europe by preying on many insect species, including important pollinators. Researchers found these hornets are impacting ecosystems and agriculture.

In a recent study, scientists analyzed the stomach contents of over 1,500 hornet larvae from nests across Jersey, France, Spain, and the UK. They discovered that these larvae consumed a wide variety of insects, including flies, wasps, bees, and butterflies. More than half of the species identified were specific, with honeybees being the most common prey.

The Asian hornet, also known as the yellow-legged hornet, originates from Southeast Asia. It made its way to France about 20 years ago, likely through shipments, and has since spread rapidly across Europe. This hornet can decimate bee colonies, with one hornet capable of killing up to 50 bees in a single day. It has particularly threatened populations in France and Italy.

Since arriving in the UK in 2016, sightings have increased. In 2024 alone, 44 confirmed sightings were reported, mainly in Kent and East Sussex.

Researchers found that 43 out of the 50 identified insect species in the hornet’s diet visit flowers, which could harm agricultural productivity. Honeybees, along with two other crucial crop pollinators—the buff-tailed and red-tailed bumblebees—are among the affected insects.

Lead researcher Siffreya Pedersen emphasized the significance of insects in maintaining ecosystems, such as in pollination and pest control. With many insect populations already suffering from habitat loss and pollution, the expansion of the Asian hornet’s range represents an additional danger.

This research underscores the ecological impact of invasive species. It highlights the crucial need to monitor and manage these threats to protect native insect populations and agriculture.

The findings are detailed in the journal Science Of The Total Environment.

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