How Unregulated Groundwater Extraction Jeopardizes Pakistan’s Environmental Stability: Key Insights from the Latest Report

Pakistan faces a dire environmental crisis due to climate change and the excessive use of its water resources. A recent event highlighted the urgent need for sustainable water management in the country. Experts pointed out that Pakistan’s reliance on its vital water sources, particularly the Indus River, is at risk. The system supports agriculture, industry, and daily life, but poor regulation and outdated practices are depleting groundwater reserves at alarming rates.

Masood Arshad, Senior Director of WWF’s Freshwater Programme, emphasized the seriousness of this issue. He noted that unregulated groundwater extraction harms delicate ecosystems. Areas like Keenjhar Lake and the Ravi River show signs of distress, including shrinking wetlands and dwindling fish populations. As Pakistan’s population exceeds 240 million, the demand for water only grows. Yet there’s a lack of conservation measures, leaving farmers and urban centers to rely heavily on tube wells and groundwater for irrigation and drinking.

The Indus River, once a robust source of life, is now struggling. Over-extraction and climate effects have reduced flows, leading to dangerous ecological consequences. Keenjhar Lake, a key Ramsar site, is also suffering from pollution and mismanagement. The Ravi, a river that once thrived, now battles severe pollution and reduced water levels.

This situation worsens Pakistan’s vulnerability to climate-related disasters. The devastating floods of 2022, which submerged much of the country, are a stark reminder of the fragile water management system in place. According to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, more than 60% of the population relies on groundwater for their daily needs, highlighting the urgency for reforms.

The ongoing lack of regulation allows individuals and industries to exploit water resources without restraint. This is more than a technical issue; it’s a serious threat to Pakistan’s stability. As ecosystems collapse, the country faces increased risks of food scarcity, health crises, and climate-related disasters.

Addressing this crisis requires immediate action and collaborative solutions. Building water-sensitive communities is essential for ensuring the future of Pakistan’s vital water sources.

For more insights on freshwater sustainability, you can check this report by WWF.

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