NGC 6072 is a stunning planetary nebula in the constellation Scorpius, located 3,060 light-years from Earth. This remarkable formation is the result of a dying star, which is transforming into a white dwarf. The nebula shows vibrant colors and complex structures, hinting at more happening beneath the surface.
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) captured two fascinating images of NGC 6072. One shows the nebula in near-infrared light, while the other focuses on mid-infrared wavelengths. These images reveal intricate outflows, suggesting a dynamic interaction between the star at its core and the possible companion star.
About 10,000 years ago, the larger star in this binary system ran out of fuel. As its core’s radiation pressure weakened, the outer layers heated up, leading to a dramatic ejection of gas, forming the nebula. This white dwarf, essentially the star’s exposed core, is incredibly hot yet inert. Researchers believe this star has shed up to 80% of its mass during this process.
Unlike many planetary nebulas which are round or cylindrical, NGC 6072 appears more like an abstract splash of color. JWST’s observations show multiple outflows in various directions, suggesting gravitational interactions with a companion star could be at play.
The colors seen in the nebula are false representations of infrared light, helping scientists understand its properties. Areas of bright orange indicate dense clumps of gas, while the blue regions represent areas with less dust and gas. These differences may be due to molecular hydrogen being shielded from the white dwarf’s intense ultraviolet light.
The mid-infrared view from JWST offers another layer of insight. It reveals concentric rings that might be created by a companion star’s orbit through the ejected material. Alternatively, these rings could result from pulsations within the dying star happening over thousands of years.
The growing interest in NGC 6072 also reflects a wider trend in space exploration. With advancements in telescope technology, like those seen with the JWST, our understanding of star death and nebula formation is rapidly evolving. For instance, a recent survey found that nearly 70% of the public is fascinated by space, leading to increased funding for such research.
As we gaze at NGC 6072, we’re reminded of the inevitable future of our own sun in about five billion years. The beauty and complexity of star death continue to intrigue scientists and skywatchers alike, unraveling the mysteries of our universe.
