MiG-21: The Iconic Fighter Jet That Transformed Indian Aviation History

Air Chief Marshal AP Singh recently reflected on the MiG-21, describing it as the backbone of the Indian Air Force (IAF). Since its introduction in the 1960s, the MiG-21 has played a crucial role in India’s air capabilities. First flown in 1955 and officially entering service between 1959 and 1963, it marked India’s entry into the supersonic jet age.

The MiG-21 stands out as the most produced supersonic fighter jet in history, with over 11,000 units built across more than 60 countries. Many nations, even today, maintain an operational fleet of this aircraft.

With its delta-wing design, the MiG-21 excels at rapid climbs, though it isn’t the best for sharp turns. Pilots often rave about its agility and performance, especially at lower speeds. One former pilot recounted their first experience flying the Type 77 in 1985—finding it a thrilling shift from other training aircraft.

India began assembling its own version, the Type 77 (MiG-21FL), in 1966, with the first fully built aircraft delivered in 1970. Many pilots claim, “You haven’t flown until you’ve flown a MiG-21,” due to its nimbleness and engaging flying characteristics. It can climb over 200 to 250 meters per second at maximum reheat, showcasing its powerful thrust.

However, the IAF is preparing to retire the MiG-21 by September 2025. This decision comes as newer aircraft like the Tejas, Tejas MK2, Rafale, and Su-30 take over operational duties. India has about 874 MiG-21s in total, 657 of which were domestically produced.

Transitioning to modern jets is essential, as maintaining older technology has become challenging. The upgrade represents not just a change in aircraft but a leap into the future of aerial combat for India.

For further insights, you can read about the advances in integrated air defense systems, highlighting how these developments strengthen India’s defense capabilities.



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