New Study Reveals: Food Assistance Benefits May Slow Cognitive Decline in Older Adults

(CNN) — New research reveals that older adults who take part in food assistance programs, like the US Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), may experience slower cognitive decline. This means they could maintain better brain health as they age.

The study presented at a recent Alzheimer’s conference showed that SNAP participants retained up to three extra years of cognitive function compared to those who qualified for the program but didn’t enroll. Linlin Da, the lead researcher and a Ph.D. candidate, expressed surprise at how significant and lasting this effect was over ten years.

Da noted, “This shows that ensuring food access can really impact brain health. During a time when dementia is a major concern, it’s vital to see how public policies complement medical approaches.”

Statistics reveal that almost 37% of SNAP recipients live in households with older adults or people with disabilities, with an average benefit of around $6.16 per day per person. Last year, SNAP assisted over 41 million low-income individuals in the U.S., underscoring its importance during difficult economic times.

Recently, cuts to SNAP were proposed through President Trump’s One Big Beautiful Bill Act, potentially affecting millions. The Congressional Budget Office estimates these changes could reduce federal SNAP spending by nearly $187 billion over the next ten years. Public health experts worry that fewer benefits could increase food insecurity and worsen health outcomes.

“Food assistance programs like SNAP are essential, especially now,” said Illinois Governor JB Pritzker. He emphasized the need for support amid rising hardship.

The research from the University of Georgia analyzed data from over 2,000 adults aged 50 and older. Participants were assessed every two years from 2010 to 2020 to gauge their cognitive abilities, such as memory and planning. Findings indicated that SNAP participants experienced a slower decline in cognitive function, suggesting that better access to nutritious food could delay cognitive issues by almost a decade for those starting with healthy brain function.

Interestingly, while Black and Hispanic adults showed a faster cognitive decline compared to White adults, SNAP participation offered them more significant cognitive benefits. This points to the program’s role in bridging health disparities.

Dr. Shae Datta, a neurologist at NYU Langone Health, highlighted the importance of nutrition. “Having access to healthy food can significantly delay cognitive decline,” she stated. Nutrition impacts daily functioning and independence, particularly for older adults.

While the study shows an association rather than a direct cause between SNAP and cognitive health, it raises awareness about how food access affects brain function. Dr. Richard Isaacson, a preventive neurologist, emphasized that a balanced diet, like the Mediterranean diet, can reduce cognitive decline risks. This diet includes vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and healthy fats but can be costly, highlighting the need for programs like SNAP to support healthy eating.

Ultimately, the benefits of SNAP hinge on how well participants use it to access brain-healthy foods. No one simple solution will prevent cognitive decline; a comprehensive approach combining good nutrition, regular exercise, and medical care is essential. “You can’t rely on one specific food,” Isaacson cautioned. “It’s about a healthy lifestyle.”

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