Tennessee’s State Building Commission recently approved a new $260 million facility for Moccasin Bend Mental Health Institute in Chattanooga. However, there’s no new location decided yet, which is significant because the current site is located on land important to Native American history.
The project includes purchasing a different area after several groups urged Gov. Bill Lee to review the archaeological significance of the current site. Moccasin Bend has been home to the mental health facility since 1961.
Surveys indicate that the land has rich historical resources, including ancient pits and hearths from the Woodland period, possibly containing human remains and burial sites. There are also reports of burial mounds and ancient villages in the area.
State Sen. Bo Watson expressed his confidence in the project’s approval, saying that considering the historical importance of Moccasin Bend led to the search for new locations for the mental health facility.
“Once we recognized the limitations of building on the historic site, we began exploring other options,” he explained.
Currently, the state is exploring potential locations for the new facility, with options in Chattanooga and perhaps Knoxville.
Several Native American groups, including the Eastern Band of the Cherokee tribe, expressed their concerns over building on the historic site. They passed a resolution in June 2024 urging the preservation of sacred tribal areas, which influenced the state’s decision to reconsider its initial plans.
“That was a turning point,” said local resident Frank Robbins, who opposed the construction on such an important site.
In September 2023, the State Building Commission was poised to proceed with construction. However, the Tennessee Historical Commission advised against demolishing current facilities since it would negatively impact the site’s historical value.
Advocates for a new location highlighted that when the Moccasin Bend National Archaeological District was created in 2003, there were verbal commitments made to the National Park Service and Native American tribes about protecting the area. The site was designated as a national historic landmark in 1986.
The situation became complicated with nearby entities like Moccasin Bend Golf Club, a shooting range, wastewater treatment facilities, and private properties in the vicinity.
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Gov. Bill Lee,Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services Commissioner Marie Williams,Moccasin Bend Psychiatric Institute,Sen. Bo Watson,Tennessee Department of General Services