Colon cancer is becoming more common in younger people, specifically those under 50. This trend is alarming. Many cases are diagnosed late because symptoms often don’t show until the cancer has progressed. Without screening for people under 50, early detection is a challenge.
Professor Sarah Berry, Chief Scientist at ZOE and a key player in studies focused on early-onset colorectal cancer, emphasizes the important role that everyday habits, especially diet, play in this rising risk. Recent data reveals an unexpected link between our daily food choices and increased cancer rates, especially among young adults.
The PROSPECT study is currently investigating various factors—like diet, lifestyle, and microbes in our guts—to find out why these rates are rising. Initial findings suggest a few simple changes could significantly lower the risk of colon cancer.
1. Cut Down on Red and Processed Meats
Studies show that eating more red and processed meats can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. “Even a small reduction can be beneficial,” Berry notes. If you regularly consume red meat, try reducing your intake to just a couple of portions a week.
2. Reduce Sugary Drinks
Sugary drinks are also suspect. They’ve been linked to various health issues, including an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Berry suggests cutting back on these drinks gradually, starting with just one less each week.
3. Increase Fiber Intake
Fibre is another major player in gut health. Surprisingly, 95% of the UK population doesn’t get enough fiber, with many only reaching half the recommended 30 grams daily. “Fibre helps protect against cancer by promoting a healthy gut microbiome,” Berry explains. It also reduces contact between harmful elements in stool and the gut lining.
Making small dietary changes, like swapping white pasta for wholegrain or incorporating nuts and legumes into meals, can make a meaningful difference. Berry reassures that perfection isn’t necessary. “Any small change is still a step in the right direction,” she emphasizes.
Critical Research Efforts
As part of ongoing research, ZOE is reaching out to 300,000 members to participate in the next phase of the PROSPECT project. This £20 million global effort aims to delve into the complexities of diet, health, and microbiomes. With access to the largest microbiome dataset in the world, this research hopes to uncover new insights into early-onset colorectal cancer and pave the way for improved screening methods.
While not all causes are fully understood yet, it’s clear that the interplay of diet and lifestyle has a significant impact on health. Making informed choices can help combat the increasing rate of colon cancer in younger populations.
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Health, Cancer, Healthy eating, Science
