UK Butterfly Populations Plummet: Last Summer Ranked as Second Worst Since 1976

Last summer was tough for Britain’s butterflies, marking it as one of the worst seasons in nearly 50 years. According to the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme, more than half of the country’s 59 native butterfly species are experiencing long-term declines. It’s alarming to note that nine species, including beloved ones like the small tortoiseshell and small copper, had their worst year on record.

Dr. Richard Fox, who leads research at Butterfly Conservation, highlights the role of human activity in this decline. He points out that habitat destruction, pollution, pesticide use, and climate change have left butterfly populations vulnerable. The unpredictable weather, which is getting more common due to climate change, makes it even harder for these butterflies to recover.

This trend isn’t just a seasonal hiccup. Historical data shows a steady decline in butterfly numbers since monitoring began in 1976. It’s concerning that 31 species are now in long-term decline, with common butterflies in gardens and parks suffering significantly. The summer of 2024 was particularly harsh, featuring a wet spring and cool temperatures.

One puzzling case is the small tortoiseshell butterfly. Once a familiar sight in gardens, it now struggles despite feeding on stinging nettles, a common plant. Last summer was especially detrimental for these butterflies, continuing a worrying trend.

While some conservation efforts have succeeded with endangered species, many butterflies, like the grizzled skipper and small pearl-bordered fritillary, faced their worst years yet. This situation shows that even species already recognized as endangered are still at risk.

To combat this decline, Butterfly Conservation is urging councils and individuals to cut back on lawn mowing from April to September. Research has shown that letting grass grow taller can boost butterfly numbers. Dr. Fox emphasizes the importance of creating more habitats to support these vital pollinators.

In social media conversations, many people express their love for butterflies and share tips on enhancing gardens for these creatures. It’s clear that public awareness is growing, and small actions can lead to significant change.

As we look to the future, it’s critical to make choices that help protect these beautiful insects. Supporting local conservation efforts and even allowing our yards to grow a bit wild might just be what we need to ensure butterflies thrive once again.

For more details, visit the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme.

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