New research has ranked the side effects of various antidepressants, showing that they can differ significantly. A study analyzed the experiences of over 58,500 patients who took 30 common antidepressants over the first eight weeks of treatment. The results highlighted how some medications can cause weight gain, rapid heart rate changes, and other physical effects.
About 8 million people in the UK take antidepressants, and researchers warn that these varied side effects matter. They can influence a person’s health and adherence to their medication. As Prof. Oliver Howes noted, “Big differences between medications can impact large numbers of people.” This study is a call to match antidepressants more closely to individual patient needs.
Not everyone experiences side effects, but averages reveal important differences. For example:
- Agomelatine is associated with a weight loss of about 2.4 kg, while maprotiline leads to nearly 2 kg of weight gain.
- Fluvoxamine can slow the heart rate, differing by 21 beats per minute compared to nortriptyline, which speeds it up.
- Blood pressure also varies, with an 11 mmHg difference between doxepin and nortriptyline.
Dr. Atheeshaan Arumuham highlighted that no two antidepressants are the same. These differences can accumulate, leading to higher risks of issues like heart attacks or strokes. This means that patients with the same diagnosis might need different medications based on their unique health conditions and preferences.
Dr. Toby Pillinger, who worked on this research, emphasized that the study focused on the initial eight weeks. He pointed out that even in this short period, they observed clinically significant changes in health parameters. His goal is to empower patients to engage in shared decision-making with their healthcare providers.
Take, for instance, three individuals: Sarah (32), John (44), and Jane (56). Although they all have depression, their side effect concerns differ. Sarah wants to avoid weight gain, John is worried about high blood pressure, and Jane has raised cholesterol. Dr. Pillinger suggests that each would benefit from different medications tailored to their needs.
Interest in ‘generic, cheap medications’ has led to over 85% of antidepressant prescriptions being for just three types. Adhering to these guidelines could increase access to better treatments for patients. Currently, the study suggests a need for a significant cultural shift in the NHS, as the focus has primarily been on a few commonly prescribed drugs.
The research team is also working on a free online tool to help doctors and patients select the right medication. Yet, as Dr. Prasad Nishtala points out, long-term use of antidepressants can increase cumulative risks, particularly for those with chronic depression. Thus, understanding and personalizing treatment is more important than ever.
In conclusion, this study sheds new light on the role of antidepressants, stressing the need for individualized treatment to enhance recovery and minimize side effects.
