Uncovering India’s Rising Fatty Liver Crisis: How Lifestyle and Diet Choices Impact Your Health – News18

Last Updated: February 20, 2025, 19:58 IST

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), now often called Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), is becoming a major health issue in India. Linked to obesity and metabolic disorders, this condition is driven by dietary habits, lifestyle choices, and genetic factors unique to the Indian population. If ignored, NAFLD can lead to serious complications like cirrhosis and liver cancer.

India’s traditional foods and changing eating patterns greatly influence the rise of fatty liver disease. Dr. Aravind Badiger from BDR Pharmaceuticals points out that many people consume a lot of refined carbs, such as white rice and processed sugars. This leads to insulin resistance and fat build-up in the liver. The growing trend of eating fried snacks and fast food makes the problem worse, causing inflammation and more fat storage.

Even though many people follow vegetarian diets, they often don’t get enough high-quality protein. Dr. Badiger explains that lacking protein can harm liver metabolism and speed up the progression of fatty liver. Besides, the consumption of full-fat dairy products adds extra calories, which can lead to even more fat accumulation in the liver.

Lifestyle changes also contribute significantly. Dr. Pavan Hanchanale, a hepatologist, notes that as more people move to cities, they become less active, leading to obesity and other diseases. Cultural habits like late-night dinners, binge eating after fasting, and indulging in sweets during celebrations further promote metabolic issues. He adds that Indian diets, rich in carbohydrates and spices, also affect gut health, which is connected to liver health.

The statistics are alarming. An estimated 16% to 32% of people in urban India have fatty liver disease, while around 10% of those in rural areas are affected. Unfortunately, urbanization and changing diets in rural areas are causing these numbers to rise. Dr. Hanchanale warns that India’s genetic vulnerability, combined with the rising popularity of junk food and sugary drinks, is fueling a silent epidemic of obesity and liver disease. He emphasizes that fatty liver can lead to severe liver damage over time, so regular check-ups are crucial.

To combat this, Dr. Badiger highlights the importance of early intervention. Using hepatoprotective medications and lifestyle changes can help manage fatty liver. Raising awareness and promoting screenings are essential to prevent serious liver damage.

To prevent fatty liver disease, consider these tips:

• Eat a balanced diet: Cut back on refined carbs and unhealthy fats. Focus on high-quality proteins.
• Stay active: Regular exercise is vital for keeping your liver healthy.
• Check your liver health: Regular screenings can catch fatty liver early.
• Limit junk food: Reduce the intake of processed foods and sugary drinks.
• Seek medical advice: Consulting a liver specialist early can help manage the condition.

India needs a strong response to the rising cases of fatty liver disease. By working together—healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals can take action to address this growing health crisis effectively.