Rising temperatures due to climate change are making it easier for harmful fungi to thrive. These fungi produce mycotoxins, natural toxins that can put human health at risk. A report from the European Environment Agency (EEA) highlights this issue, urging coordinated action across Europe to combat contamination.
Understanding Mycotoxins
As Europe warms, the prevalence of mycotoxins in food and feed increases. These toxins can disrupt hormones, weaken the immune system, and even cause cancer. Groups like young children and pregnant women are especially at risk. According to a European project, 14% of adults might be exposed to harmful levels of a specific mycotoxin called deoxynivalenol (DON), commonly found in grains like wheat and maize.
People ingest these toxins mainly through contaminated food, such as bread and cereals, and washing or cooking does not always eliminate them. Some fungi are invisible and undetectable by smell or taste. Contaminated water from agricultural runoff can also be a source of exposure.
Climate Change’s Role
Climate change alters fungi behavior, leading to more infections in crops. Increased rainfall and extreme weather events stress plants, making them prone to fungal infections. This situation can decrease crop yields, causing economic losses. Farmers might use more fungicides, which raises concerns about antifungal resistance—making future treatments more challenging.
A ‘One Health’ Approach
To combat mycotoxin risks, a united approach is crucial. The EU is working on surveillance strategies that connect environmental factors, food safety, and health. For example, monitoring weather conditions alongside food inspections can help. Innovative agricultural practices, like crop breeding for disease resistance and better soil management, also play a role.
Looking Ahead
The situation is evolving, and public awareness is crucial. Research continues to shape policies aimed at reducing mycotoxin contamination. As awareness rises, dialogues on social media include hashtags like #FoodSafety and #ClimateAction, indicating a strong public interest in these issues.
For more insights, check the full briefing from the EEA. Understanding the impacts of climate on health helps pave the way for safer food and a healthier future.
