Understanding Drought: A Natural Cycle or a Cause for Concern?

Drought is a tough word for many. It stirs up memories of dry years, especially for those of us who have spent a lot of time dealing with its impact. Often, we remember the dry spells more vividly than the good years, shaping our views on climate conditions.

Drought is a natural occurrence. The frequency and severity depend on your location. While we can’t stop droughts from happening, we can learn from history. In the mid-1800s, settlers believed that plowing farmland would bring rain—a belief that contributed to the Dust Bowl years when the weather turned dry.

To truly understand drought, it’s helpful to refer to the Drought Monitor. This resource classifies drought intensity from D1 (moderate drought) to D4 (exceptional drought). You can explore state-by-state drought impacts over specific periods at the Drought Monitor website.

Looking at North Dakota between 2014 and 2024, about 47% of the weeks experienced D2 drought conditions, which can trigger help programs for livestock and crops. This statistic shows how common drought can be in semi-arid environments like North Dakota, compared to regions that receive significantly more rainfall.

When facing drought, it’s crucial for land managers to have long-term strategies. For instance, if you manage pastures for livestock, aim to grow strong, deep-rooted plants. These plants will be better equipped to survive dry spells and rebound once conditions improve. Proper grazing management is key—control the grazing to avoid overusing preferred plants.

Many people mistakenly open all gates during dry periods, which can damage the land. Instead, keep grazing controlled. Using fencing wisely can help manage better access to grazing areas. For example, if some areas are typically underused, temporary fencing can encourage livestock to graze there. This method can extend your grazing days without overtaxing the more desirable plants.

Fencing methods have evolved, and if you’re interested in improving your fencing skills, consider attending the fencing school at NDSU’s North Central Research Extension Center in Minot on April 30. This free event offers hands-on learning about fence installation, virtual fencing, and more. For details, check out this link.

In conclusion, understanding and preparing for drought can greatly help you manage your land and livestock effectively. Embracing sustainable practices will support both on the good years and through the bad.

James Rogers is a North Dakota State University Extension forage crops production specialist based in Minot, North Dakota.

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