By Pranab Kumar Das
Tezpur: When you sip your morning tea, think of the massive economic story behind it. This simple ritual involves the hard work of many people and an industry that has developed over centuries. Recent data from the Tea Board of India shows how crucial Assam is to tea production in India.
In 2025, India produced a total of about 1,370 million kilograms of tea—up nearly 5% from the previous year. Assam was a key player, contributing around 688 million kilograms, nearly half of the nation’s total. The Brahmaputra Valley alone produced approximately 651 million kilograms. Despite facing various challenges throughout history, this valley remains a vital part of India’s tea industry. In addition to large estates, many small tea growers have also contributed to this growth.
West Bengal and Darjeeling: Special Characteristics
West Bengal also made its mark with about 411 million kilograms of tea in 2025. Though Darjeeling produced only 5.3 million kilograms, its unique aroma and premium quality make it a valuable player in the global market. This shows the Indian tea industry’s variety, where some regions lead in quantity while others shine in quality.
North India in the Lead
Northern India continues to dominate. In 2025, tea production there reached around 1,136 million kilograms, making up 83% of the national output. Southern India, however, only contributed about 234 million kilograms, highlighting the critical role of the Brahmaputra Valley and Northeast in this sector.
Behind these numbers lie laborers’ struggles and the dreams of small tea growers. Assam is home to nearly 800 large tea estates and around 1,150 small tea gardens. However, rising costs, climate change, and shifting market trends pose significant challenges for the industry.
Expert Insights
Bidyānanda Barkakati, an expert from the North East Tea Association, shared valuable insights. “Assam’s production growth matches India’s improvement. The total amount produced in Assam reflects its ongoing strength in national tea production,” he stated. He also noted that global tea exports grew to about 254 million kilograms in 2025, indicating rising international demand.
Barkakati mentioned concerns for 2026 due to drought conditions affecting rainfall. If rain doesn’t arrive soon, early harvesting may be delayed, impacting future production levels. The situation remains uncertain, with potential risks looming over the industry.
In summary, Assam holds a central role in India’s tea production, supported by both large estates and small-scale growers. The tea industry is complex and faces challenges, but with rising global demand and a strong historical foundation, it continues to thrive.
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