Unlocking Survival: How Anatomic Resections Boost Outcomes in Early-Stage Lung Cancer Based on Real-World Data

New research from the 2025 Society of Thoracic Surgeons Annual Meeting shows that certain lung surgeries can lead to better long-term survival for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Specifically, procedures like lobectomy and segmentectomy performed better than wedge resection.

The study looked at over 32,000 patients with stage 1A NSCLC using data from the STS General Thoracic Surgery Database. This database links to national records, allowing researchers to track survival for up to 10 years.

Results revealed that lobectomy had the best survival rates, with 71.9% of patients alive after five years and 44.8% after ten years. Segmentectomy was also effective, with a five-year survival rate of 69.6% and ten-year at 44.2%. In comparison, wedge resection had lower rates, with 66.3% surviving five years and 41.4% at ten years.

This research emphasizes the importance of real-world data alongside traditional clinical trials. While clinical trials suggest lobectomy and sub-lobar resections may be equivalent, this new study provides further context for doctors. It reflects real-life outcomes across varied patient populations and healthcare environments.

“This study stresses the importance of combined insights from clinical trials and real-world data for better patient care,” said Dr. Christopher Seder, a thoracic surgeon at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.

“By analyzing outcomes in different healthcare settings, we can provide informed recommendations to improve patient outcomes overall,”

Christopher Seder, Rush University Medical Center

These findings are timely as cardiothoracic surgery is rapidly evolving. Surgeons are adopting new tools and methods that prioritize patient safety and long-term health. Dr. Seder noted, “This research helps us understand the long-term effects of surgical choices for lung cancer patients. Real-world data enriches the context for developing treatment plans.”

The STS General Thoracic Surgery Database plays a vital role in this research. It captures extensive data on lung and esophageal cancer surgeries across the U.S., setting a benchmark for patient characteristics, surgical methods, and outcomes. The study underlines the importance of large-scale real-world data in shaping clinical practices and enhancing patient care.

For more information, you can visit The Society of Thoracic Surgeons.