Climate change poses a serious threat to the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon, a unique bird native to the Western Ghats of India. Researchers warn that by the end of this century, the habitats of this pigeon could shrink dramatically, with suitable areas becoming rare. This is highlighted in a new study published in the Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy.
The study used a machine-learning tool called MaxEnt to predict where the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon might thrive in the future. The researchers analyzed nearly 10,000 sightings from a citizen-science project known as eBird. They found that while the habitat might improve slightly in the next two decades, it would start to decline sharply by 2081–2100.
Phillmon Smart Edward, one of the study’s authors, noted that the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon relies on specific mountain forests in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. These high-elevation ecosystems, often called “sky islands,” are rich in unique species but are vulnerable to climate change, deforestation, and urban development.
Edward explained that the pigeon is one of many species moving to higher altitudes as their natural habitats shift. This “up-slope shifting” might help in the short term, but studies suggest continued warming will ultimately reduce available habitats.
According to Arockianathan Samson from the Bombay Natural History Society, we need proactive conservation strategies for these fragile forests. Despite being labeled as “Least Concern” by the IUCN, the actual population and its stability haven’t been thoroughly researched. Factors like projected climate change could drastically alter their habitat, making urgent assessments necessary.
The study emphasizes the need for more thorough ecological research. Jeyasubashini Regupathikannan highlighted the importance of knowing how many of these birds survive and how they reproduce. This kind of data is essential for developing effective plans to protect them.
In summary, the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon reflects a broader issue facing many species due to climate change. Experts agree that we must act now to ensure not only the survival of this bird but also the integrity of its unique habitat.
By understanding and monitoring these changes, we might find ways to adapt conservation efforts and sustain the rich biodiversity of the Western Ghats.
For more details, you can read the full study here and stay updated with ongoing research in this field as we face the challenges of climate change together.
