Unpacking the Climate Cost: How Street Food, Charcoal Use, and Plastic Waste Impact Our Environment – Insights from EnviroNews

Street food is a vibrant part of life in Nigeria. From the smoky flavor of suya to the fluffy goodness of puff-puff, food stalls are everywhere, bringing affordable and tasty meals to millions. For many, eating from street vendors is not just convenient; it’s a cherished cultural experience.

But there’s a flip side. The popularity of street food comes at a cost. Research shows that about 60% of these food vendors work in unsanitary conditions. More than half don’t keep their hair covered while cooking, highlighting a lack of regulation.

Environmental Impact

One major issue is the reliance on charcoal for cooking. In 2024, Nigeria lost around 253,000 hectares of forest land due to charcoal production, releasing about 114 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. That loss is staggering—almost four times the size of Lagos vanished in just one year.

Rachel Fidelis, a climate expert, emphasizes the link between charcoal use and deforestation. She states, “For every bag of charcoal made, a tree must be cut down. This contributes not only to environmental degradation but also to air pollution.”

Despite the environmental risks, vendors often stick with charcoal because it’s cheap. One vendor mentioned spending over ₦132,000 on charcoal each week, which they rely on to keep their food stalls running.

Health Risks

The black carbon released from these stoves poses significant health risks, especially for women and children who are often exposed to the smoke. This is a deep concern as health statistics indicate rising rates of respiratory issues in communities relying heavily on charcoal.

Consumer Choices

Consumers are drawn to street food for its affordability and taste. “I love the way charcoal makes food taste. It’s just delicious,” said Israel Olawale, a regular buyer. Even when he acknowledges the plastic waste, convenience reigns supreme in his choices.

With Nigeria generating around 1.5 million tons of plastic waste annually and recycling rates at a dismal 10%, the issue is severe. Vendors often use single-use plastics and styrofoam for packaging. In areas like Dape, uncollected waste is a common sight, creating unsanitary conditions and increasing flood risks.

A Call for Sustainable Practices

Rachel Fidelis advocates for embracing sustainable practices in street food culture. She suggests options like solar stoves, biodegradable packaging, and traditional wrapping methods using banana leaves. However, the switch remains slow due to cost barriers.

“If cheaper and cleaner options were available, we would gladly make the change,” a street vendor lamented. This highlights the pressing need for affordable alternatives if sustainable change is to take root.

Policy and Action

While there are environmental policies in place, their enforcement is often lax. Effective change requires government involvement, including incentives for vendors to adopt more sustainable practices.

Rachel warns, “We must act now. The next decade should focus on urgent solutions, not waiting for the worst.” Easily available street food should not come at the price of health and environmental degradation.

The story of street food in Nigeria goes beyond hunger and flavors—it’s tied to climate issues, health concerns, and the urgent need for change. Addressing these challenges starts with the streets, where millions rely on vendors for their daily meals.

By prioritizing sustainability, Nigeria can preserve its rich culinary culture while safeguarding its environment.

For deeper insights into Nigeria’s environmental policies, you can explore more at Global Forest Watch.

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Charcoal,Climate cost,Plastic waste,Street food