Unveiling INS Vikrant: Key Features, Endurance, Length, and Its Significance for UPSC Aspirants

INS Vikrant: India’s First Indigenous Aircraft Carrier

India has taken a significant step in its maritime defense by commissioning the INS Vikrant. This 45,000-tonne aircraft carrier is the first one designed and built in India. It’s not just a ship; it represents the country’s vision for self-reliance, known as Aatmanirbhar Bharat.

What Makes INS Vikrant Special?

INS Vikrant, often referred to as IAC-1, holds historical value. Named after an earlier aircraft carrier from 1961, it symbolizes decades of effort in building indigenous naval capabilities. The journey began with ships like INS Ajay in 1960 and continued with notable vessels like INS Nilgiri in 1968. With the new Vikrant, India joins a select group of countries capable of constructing aircraft carriers.

The Importance of INS Vikrant

1. Strengthening Maritime Security:
   INS Vikrant enhances India’s position in the Indian Ocean Region, which has seen increasing Chinese naval activity. With this carrier, India can better project its power and defend its maritime interests.

2. A Step Towards Self-Reliance:
   Around 75% of the ship’s components are made in India, showcasing a commitment to local manufacturing. However, significant gaps remain in critical technologies, with many advanced systems still depending on foreign imports.

3. A Legacy of Courage:
   The name Vikrant means "courageous," and it honors the legacy of its predecessor, which played a crucial role in the 1971 Indo-Pak War. This new carrier aims to continue that legacy, reflecting India’s growth and ambition in naval power.

Key Features of INS Vikrant

• Indigenous Design: Built by Cochin Shipyard Limited, showcasing local talent.
• Size and Capability: Displacement of 45,000 tonnes, with a length of 262 meters and a width of 62 meters.
• Aviation Operations: Can operate around 30 aircraft, including MiG-29Ks and Kamov-31 helicopters.
• Advanced Technology: Features multi-function radars and other cutting-edge combat systems.
• Powerful Propulsion: Runs on four gas turbines, achieving speeds over 28 knots.

Challenges Ahead

While India has made progress, challenges remain:

• Dependency on Imports: High-tech weapons and combat systems still largely come from abroad.
• Delays in Projects: Large naval projects like INS Vikramaditya have faced setbacks.
• Need for Modernization: The aging submarine fleet requires urgent updates, making India vulnerable against evolving threats.
• Rising Maritime Competition: China’s expanding naval capabilities push India to accelerate its defense modernization efforts.

Government Initiatives

To boost self-reliance, the Indian government has launched several programs aimed at enhancing domestic capabilities. Key initiatives include:

• Indigenisation Policies: Encouraging local sourcing and manufacturing in defense.
• Defence Innovation Programs: Fostering new ideas and technologies in defense sectors.
• Increased Foreign Investment: Allowing up to 74% foreign direct investment in defense manufacturing.

Looking Forward

To solidify its maritime power, India needs a clear strategy:

• Focus on research and development for new technologies like unmanned vehicles and advanced radar systems.
• Foster collaboration between public, private, and small enterprises to build a strong defense ecosystem.
• Balance home-grown technology with necessary imports to maintain combat readiness.
• Promote defense exports to position India as a global player in the defense sector.

INS Vikrant and Its Educational Value

For students preparing for competitive exams, especially UPSC, INS Vikrant offers rich insights into topics such as:

• India’s Strategic Naval Policy: Understanding its role in global maritime security.
• Indigenisation in Defense Technology: Analyzing the balance of local production and international collaboration.

With its commissioning, INS Vikrant embodies India’s maritime ambitions and determination to establish itself as a self-reliant power on the global stage. Its presence not only enhances naval strength but also highlights India’s intent in regional stability and defense innovation.

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