Unveiling the Secrets of the Giant Inland Boulder: A Fascinating Remnant of an Ancient Tsunami

A remarkable discovery in Tonga reveals a massive 1,200-ton boulder known as Maka Lahi, or "Big Rock." This rock, found far inland, provides valuable insights into the region’s tsunami history. Martin Köhler, a study author, describes it as a surprise since it’s well beyond the coastline. Researchers believe a tsunami around 7,000 years ago moved the boulder more than 650 feet from Tongatapu island’s shore.

The study, published in Marine Geology, highlights the boulder’s elevation at roughly 130 feet. Using 3D modeling, scientists traced the boulder’s origins to a cliff nearly 100 feet high. They suggest that a wave of about 150 feet tall, lasting about a minute and a half, would have been necessary to carry it to its current location. This finding marks the earliest known Holocene tsunami in the Pacific, changing our understanding of extreme wave events in the area.

Today, tsunamis remain a serious concern. The largest recorded tsunami hit during the 2022 eruption of Hunga volcano, reaching heights of about 60 feet on Tongatapu’s northwestern side. Expert Annie Lau notes that understanding how tsunamis can move massive rocks enhances coastal hazard assessments worldwide.

This research is not just about rocks; it highlights the rich geological history of Tonga. As we discover more about past tsunamis, we can better prepare for future hazards, potentially saving lives and property.

For more details on recent tsunami impacts and safety measures, check out the NOAA Tsunami Safety Guide.

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