New Delhi: A recent report from NatStrat, a think tank, highlights key terror attacks against India from Pakistan, spanning from 1947 to 2025. This release coincided with the 17th anniversary of the tragic Mumbai attacks.
The report emphasizes the ongoing strategy of using terrorism as state policy from Pakistan’s military and intelligence. It breaks down incidents into five phases, starting from foundational conflicts to adaptive terrorism seen in recent years.
From 1947 to 1971, the focus was on base conflicts. During this time, Pakistan backed insurgencies in India, including the Poonch rebellion, which led to the first India-Pakistan war. An example is Operation Gibraltar in 1965, where Pakistani soldiers infiltrated Kashmir, an attempt that failed and escalated tensions.
The second phase, from 1972 to 1989, witnessed a rise in proxy warfare. Hijackings became a tactic, such as the 1984 kidnapping of Indian diplomat Ravindera Mhatre. This era also saw the ISI supporting the Khalistan movement in Punjab to destabilize Indian governance.
From 1990 to 2000, violence increased with urban attacks. Notably, the 1993 Mumbai blasts, which killed 257, were linked to the ISI, demonstrating the escalating threat. The Kargil War in 1999 marked a significant military confrontation, revealing deeper military strategies employed by Pakistan.
The fifth phase, stretching from 2010 to 2025, highlights adaptive terrorism, with groups like the Jaish-e-Mohammed claiming responsibility for violent attacks. The 2019 Pulwama attack, which killed 40 CRPF personnel, prompted India’s Balakot airstrikes, showing a definitive shift in response strategy.
Pankaj Saran, a former diplomat and key figure at NatStrat, stresses that despite these attacks, India’s society remains resilient. The report calls terrorism a universal threat, urging a unified global response.
This analysis of terror tactics sheds light on the prolonged impact of state-sponsored terrorism. Understanding this landscape helps us appreciate both the challenges faced and the strength shown by India over decades of conflict.
For an in-depth view of terrorism’s global implications, you can explore the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime’s World Drug Report.
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MUMBAI TERROR ATTACKS, RED FORT ATTACK, OPERATION SINDOOR, PAHALGAM ATTACK, PAKISTAN SPONSORED TERRORSM, PAKISTAN USING TERRORISM AS STATE POLICY AGAINST INDIA SINCE 1947 SAYS REPORT
