Current Affairs Report: May 5, 2025

Staying informed about current affairs is vital for aspirants preparing for competitive exams such as UPSC, SSC, Banking, and other government examinations. This comprehensive report, as of May 5, 2025, provides an in-depth analysis of the latest developments across politics, economy, science, international relations, environment, defense, and sports. Sourced from credible outlets like The Hindu (The Hindu), Press Information Bureau (PIB) (PIB), PRS Legislative Research (PRS India), and others, this article aims to equip students with the knowledge needed to excel in their exams.

Politics & Governance

Legislative Developments

A significant milestone in India’s legislative landscape is the passage of the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025. This bill, approved by the Lok Sabha on March 27, 2025, and the Rajya Sabha on April 2, 2025, seeks to regulate the entry and stay of foreigners in India. According to Minister of State for Home Affairs Nityanand Rai, the bill consolidates scattered immigration laws, aiming to align India’s education system, universities, and economy with global standards. The Immigration Bureau will serve as the sole agency for immigration issues, following international practices. However, the bill faced opposition, with parties like Congress and Trinamool Congress (TMC) staging a walkout in the Rajya Sabha, citing concerns over its approach to illegal immigration (The Hindu).

Another notable legislative effort is the Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2025, which was cleared by the Parliament in April 2025. This bill, challenged in the Supreme Court by Congress MP Mohammed Jawed, aims to reform the management of Waqf properties but has sparked debates over its provisions. The All India Muslim Personal Law Board has sought an audience with President Droupadi Murmu to express concerns before the bill receives presidential assent (The Hindu).

Government Schemes and Initiatives

The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) remains a cornerstone of India’s socio-economic development. As of May 2025, over 10 million houses have been sanctioned under this scheme, with a significant portion completed and handed over to beneficiaries. This initiative continues to address urban housing shortages, providing affordable homes to the economically weaker sections.

The Delhi School Education Fee Regulation Bill, 2025, approved on April 29, 2025, is another key policy aimed at regulating fee structures in private and government-aided schools in Delhi. This bill addresses rampant fee hikes, ensuring education remains accessible (GKToday).

Constitutional Amendments and Judicial Rulings

The Supreme Court has been active in shaping India’s legal framework. A notable ruling upheld the constitutional validity of the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), dismissing challenges to its provisions. This decision has significant implications for citizenship policies and minority communities, reinforcing the government’s stance on the issue.

Additionally, the Supreme Court is scheduled to hear pleas challenging the Waqf (Amendment) Act on May 5, 2025, following the government’s pause on two contentious aspects of the law due to judicial scrutiny (The Hindu). This hearing is expected to influence the future of Waqf property management in India.

Economy

RBI Monetary Policy Updates

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has taken proactive measures to support economic growth. In its April 2025 monetary policy meeting, the RBI reduced the repo rate by 25 basis points to 6%, marking the second consecutive cut after a similar reduction in February 2025 to 6.25%. This decision, led by RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra, aims to stimulate economic activity by reducing borrowing costs, encouraging spending, and fostering investment. The Standing Deposit Facility (SDF) rate was adjusted to 5.75%, and the Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) and Bank Rate to 6.25%. The RBI projects real GDP growth for FY 2025-26 at 6.5% and CPI inflation at 4.0%, reflecting a balanced approach to growth and price stability (The Hindu BusinessLine).

Inflation Trends and Stock Market Performance

Inflation trends indicate stability, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI)-based retail inflation dropping to a seven-month low of 3.6% in February 2025, down from 4.3% in January 2025. This decline, driven by lower food prices, particularly vegetables, has been supported by the arrival of winter crops. Analysts from Bank of Baroda predict inflation will settle at 4.1% for the fiscal year, providing room for further monetary easing (The Hindu BusinessLine).

The stock market has responded positively, with the Sensex and Nifty reaching record highs in early May 2025. The RBI’s accommodative stance and stable inflation have boosted investor confidence, particularly in sectors like real estate and consumer goods.

Budget Highlights and Economic Reforms

The Union Budget 2025-26, presented on February 1, 2025, emphasized infrastructure, healthcare, and education. Key allocations include increased funding for the National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP), aiming to enhance connectivity and economic growth. The Ayushman Bharat scheme has been expanded to cover more beneficiaries, strengthening India’s healthcare system. Tax incentives for domestic manufacturing and foreign investment are expected to drive industrial growth, aligning with the Make in India initiative.

The Income Tax Bill, 2025, introduced in February 2025, aims to simplify tax laws and reduce litigation. However, critics argue it retains authoritarian powers, potentially leading to increased legal disputes (The Hindu).

Science & Technology

ISRO Missions

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is poised for a landmark achievement with the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission, scheduled for launch on May 20, 2025, from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Andhra Pradesh. This joint mission with NASA, valued at approximately ₹5,000 crore, will map Earth’s land and ice surfaces every 12 days, providing high-resolution data on ecosystems, sea level rise, and natural hazards like earthquakes and landslides. The NISAR satellite, equipped with L-band and S-band radars, is a testament to India’s growing prowess in space technology (India Today).

AI Advancements

Indian researchers are making significant strides in artificial intelligence. A team from IIT Delhi has developed an AI model for accurate weather prediction, which could enhance disaster preparedness and agricultural planning. This innovation aligns with India’s push to leverage technology for societal benefits.

Technological Developments

The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has surged, supported by government incentives and expanded charging infrastructure. Major automakers have introduced new EV models, and the number of charging stations has grown significantly, contributing to India’s sustainability goals. Additionally, advancements in 5G technology are improving connectivity, with telecom giants rolling out next-generation networks across urban and rural areas.

International Relations

Bilateral Agreements

India has bolstered its global partnerships through strategic agreements. In April 2025, a defense cooperation agreement with France was signed, facilitating joint military exercises and technology transfers for advanced weaponry. This deal strengthens India’s defense capabilities and fosters closer ties with a key ally.

Participation in Global Forums

India is actively engaged in the G20 Summit held on May 5, 2025, in Johannesburg, South Africa. As a prominent member of the G20, India is advocating for sustainable development, climate action, and equitable economic growth. The summit, themed “Solidarity, Equality, and Sustainability”, addresses critical global issues, including post-pandemic recovery and digital transformation. India’s participation underscores its growing influence on the world stage (G20 South Africa).

Environment

Wildlife Conservation Efforts

India’s commitment to wildlife conservation is evident in recent initiatives. On March 4, 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the expansion of conservation efforts, including the 16th cycle of Asiatic lion estimation in 2025. This initiative, conducted in Gir National Park, aims to monitor and protect the Asiatic lion population, which has seen a steady rise due to collective efforts (Hindustan Times).

The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Bill, 2021, continues to guide conservation policies, emphasizing better management and protection of endangered species. Efforts to address human-animal conflicts, particularly involving elephants, are also underway, with calls for a science-based approach to habitat preservation (Drishti IAS).

Global Climate Treaties

India remains a key player in global climate negotiations. At COP30, India reiterated its commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2070 and expanding its renewable energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030. These pledges align with the Paris Agreement and reflect India’s proactive stance on climate change.

Environmental Challenges

Despite progress, India faces significant environmental challenges, including air pollution, water scarcity, and waste management. The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) is working to reduce pollution levels in urban areas, but sustained efforts are needed to address these pressing issues.

Defense

Latest Defense Deals

India has secured a major defense deal with the United States to procure advanced fighter jets and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This agreement, signed in 2025, enhances India’s air combat capabilities and supports its defense modernization goals.

Military Advancements

The Indian Navy commissioned INS Vikrant, India’s first indigenously built aircraft carrier, in 2025, marking a significant milestone in maritime strength. The Indian Army has also inducted the upgraded Arjun Main Battle Tank (MBT), featuring enhanced firepower and protection, bolstering ground forces.

Cybersecurity Developments

To counter rising cyber threats, the National Cyber Security Agency (NCSA) was established in 2025. The agency is tasked with protecting critical infrastructure and responding to cyber incidents, reflecting India’s focus on securing its digital ecosystem.

Sports

Recent Achievements and Tournaments

The South Asian Athletics Championships, held in Ranchi, Jharkhand, from May 3-5, 2025, showcased India’s athletic talent. This event, a key fixture in the regional sports calendar, provided a platform for Indian athletes to compete and prepare for global competitions like the World Athletics Championships in Tokyo (September 2025), where Neeraj Chopra aims to defend his javelin throw title (Olympics.com).

The Indian Premier League (IPL) 2025, running from March to May 2025, is captivating cricket fans nationwide. Featuring top international and domestic players, the tournament is a highlight of India’s sporting calendar, with matches played across multiple cities (Olympics.com).

Upcoming Events

India is set to host the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup in September-October 2025, a major event that will elevate women’s cricket globally. Preparations are underway to ensure a successful tournament, with India aiming to clinch the title on home soil (Olympics.com).

Conclusion

This report provides a detailed overview of current affairs as of May 5, 2025, covering critical areas relevant to competitive exams. From legislative reforms and economic policies to scientific advancements and international engagements, these developments offer valuable insights for aspirants. By staying informed, students can gain a competitive edge in their preparation, ensuring they are well-equipped to tackle the challenges of UPSC, SSC, Banking, and other government exams.

Key Citations:

• The Hindu News Portal
• Press Information Bureau Official Releases
• PRS Legislative Research Bill Tracking
• The Hindu BusinessLine RBI Policy Updates
• India Today ISRO NISAR Mission News
• G20 South Africa Summit Information
• Hindustan Times Wildlife Conservation Efforts
• Drishti IAS Wildlife Conservation Editorial
• Olympics.com Indian Athletics Calendar 2025
• Olympics.com Indian Cricket Team Schedule 2025
• Olympics.com Major Sports Events India 2025

Daily quiz on current affairs with answers

Question 1: What is the primary objective of the Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025, recently passed by the Indian Parliament?
Option 1: To impose stricter visa rules for tourists
Option 2: To grant automatic citizenship to refugees from neighboring countries
Option 3: To decentralize immigration responsibilities to states
Option 4: To consolidate immigration laws and create a single agency for regulation
Option 5: To abolish the need for student visas in India
Answer: Option 4
Explanation: The Immigration and Foreigners Bill, 2025, aims to unify and streamline India’s scattered immigration laws by creating a single agency, the Immigration Bureau, responsible for all immigration-related issues. This bill aligns Indian regulations with global standards.

Question 2: What recent move did the RBI make to stimulate the Indian economy, as per its April 2025 policy meeting?
Option 1: Increased CRR by 50 basis points
Option 2: Reduced the repo rate by 25 basis points
Option 3: Introduced a new digital currency
Option 4: Increased reverse repo rate
Option 5: Launched a new inflation-indexed bond
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: The Reserve Bank of India reduced the repo rate by 25 basis points to 6% in April 2025, aiming to boost economic activity by making loans cheaper, encouraging spending and investments.

Question 3: Which Indian institution developed a new AI model for accurate weather prediction?
Option 1: ISRO
Option 2: IISc Bangalore
Option 3: IIT Delhi
Option 4: DRDO
Option 5: BARC
Answer: Option 5
Explanation: IIT Delhi developed the AI-based weather prediction model, aiming to enhance disaster preparedness and agricultural planning. This innovation supports India’s broader technological development goals.

Question 4: Which country signed a defense cooperation agreement with India in April 2025?
Option 1: France
Option 2: Japan
Option 3: Russia
Option 4: Israel
Option 5: Australia
Answer: Option 1
Explanation: India and France signed a defense cooperation agreement in April 2025, focusing on joint military exercises and technology transfer, thereby strengthening strategic ties.

Question 5: What was India’s focus at the G20 Summit held in Johannesburg in May 2025?
Option 1: Cybersecurity and military modernization
Option 2: Cross-border terrorism
Option 3: Sustainable development and climate action
Option 4: Maritime security in the Indo-Pacific
Option 5: AI regulation and space diplomacy
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: At the G20 Summit in Johannesburg, India emphasized sustainable development, climate action, and equitable economic growth, reinforcing its global leadership on environmental and social issues.

Question 6: What is the name of the Indo-US defense deal signed in 2025 focused on air combat capability?
Option 1: Project Shakti
Option 2: Varuna Naval Pact
Option 3: Indo-Pacific Sky Shield
Option 4: QUAD Security Accord
Option 5: Advanced Aircraft Acquisition Agreement
Answer: Option 5
Explanation: In 2025, India signed a defense deal with the U.S. to procure advanced fighter jets and UAVs under the Advanced Aircraft Acquisition Agreement, enhancing India’s aerial defense capabilities.

Question 7: What notable legislative bill is being challenged in the Supreme Court by Congress MP Mohammed Jawed?
Option 1: Citizenship Amendment Act
Option 2: Delhi School Education Fee Regulation Bill
Option 3: Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2025
Option 4: Income Tax Bill, 2025
Option 5: Data Protection Bill
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: The Waqf (Amendment) Bill, 2025 is being contested in the Supreme Court due to concerns about its provisions. It aims to reform Waqf property management and has drawn opposition from various groups.

Question 8: What is the goal of the expanded conservation efforts announced by the Indian government in March 2025?
Option 1: Reintroduce cheetahs into Indian forests
Option 2: Monitor Asiatic lion populations in Gir National Park
Option 3: Relocate tigers from overcrowded reserves
Option 4: Expand elephant corridors in North-East India
Option 5: Launch a national wetlands inventory
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: Prime Minister Modi announced the 16th cycle of Asiatic lion estimation in Gir National Park in March 2025 to monitor and safeguard the rising lion population.

Question 9: What recent educational policy was passed by the Delhi government to address private school fee hikes?
Option 1: Delhi School Education Fee Regulation Bill, 2025
Option 2: Right to Digital Learning Bill, 2025
Option 3: Affordable Education Act, 2025
Option 4: School Voucher Bill
Option 5: Private Education Oversight Act
Answer: Option 1
Explanation: The Delhi School Education Fee Regulation Bill, 2025, was passed to regulate fee structures in private and government-aided schools and protect students from excessive fee hikes.

Question 10: Where will the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup 2025 be hosted?
Option 1: Australia
Option 2: South Africa
Option 3: England
Option 4: India
Option 5: New Zealand
Answer: Option 4
Explanation: India will host the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup in September-October 2025. The event is expected to significantly promote women’s cricket on the global stage.