How Dupilumab Reduces IgE Levels and Transforms Food Allergy Management After 12 Months

Recent research has shown that dupilumab may help reduce food-specific IgE levels over time. This study was highlighted at the 2025 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology (AAAAI) meeting in San Diego.

Dupilumab works by blocking certain signals in the body—specifically, the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. These cytokines are often involved in food allergies, although dupilumab isn’t officially approved for this purpose. Instead, it’s used to treat conditions like atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While it can help manage asthma by reducing inflammation, it does not treat sudden asthma attacks.

Led by Emily Lothamer from Indiana University School of Medicine, the study assessed whether dupilumab could lower IgE levels in patients with food allergies. The researchers worked with 13 patients who were already receiving dupilumab at Deaconess Clinic Allergy and had been diagnosed with food allergies. Each patient had undergone IgE testing before starting treatment, with follow-up tests after at least two months.

In total, the study recorded 77 allergen reactions among the participants. Researchers tracked changes in IgE levels for up to 84 months, focusing on results at 12 and 24 months after beginning dupilumab.

The findings were promising. After 12 months, participants saw a 56.9% drop in IgE levels, and after 24 months, the reduction increased to 73.5%. Notably, those who passed oral food challenges experienced an even more significant reduction—69.4% at 12 months and 81.8% at 24 months.

The researchers concluded that this retrospective study indicates dupilumab could be beneficial in lowering specific IgE levels in food-allergic patients.

References

1. Lothamer, E., McLaughlin, A., and Koleilat, M. (2025). Impact of dupilumab on food-specific IgE levels in food-allergic patients. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Vol. 155, Issue 2, AB457. Read here.
2. Dupilumab Injection. Cleveland Clinic. Learn more.
3. Smith, T. (2024). FDA Approves Dupilumab (Dupixent) for Treatment of COPD. HCPLive. Read more.

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