Rajshahi city is facing a considerable rise in winter land-surface temperatures that has experts worried about sustainable urban living. A study by researchers from the University of Rajshahi and The Ohio State University shows that between 1990 and 2023, the average winter temperature increased by 2.66°C, with some areas seeing a jump of over 4°C.
This warming trend is notably faster than the global average increase of 0.2–0.3°C per decade, as highlighted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In Rajshahi, the temperature change was 0.63°C in the 1990s, 0.95°C in the 2000s, and 1.08°C in the last decade.
The study, published in Sustainability, links this increase to a decline in green spaces and water bodies, replaced by concrete structures. Over the past 33 years, the city’s built-up areas grew by 28%, while green and water-covered spaces shrank by 26% and 3%, respectively. Specifically, built-up land expanded from 9.73 to 22.99 square kilometers, while vegetation and water bodies decreased by 12.48 and 1.44 square kilometers.
Additionally, Rajshahi’s population is nearing one million, growing at an annual rate of 2.88%. However, urban planning hasn’t kept pace with this rapid growth. “The loss of greenery has stripped the city of its natural defenses against rising temperatures,” says Md Rejaur Rahman, a professor involved in the study.
Local residents are feeling the effects, with many stating that winters now feel like late summer. “We used to welcome winter with foggy mornings and cool winds. Now, it’s just warm,” shared Nahid Islam, a shopkeeper.
The study identified high-temperature zones, particularly in the city’s central-northern, central-western, and southeastern areas. These regions were once fertile with orchards and ponds, but now face significant ecological stress. If this trend continues, it could lead to increased health risks and higher energy demands.
Shahidul Islam, an environmental activist in Rajshahi, warns, “Without urgent measures, Rajshahi could become one of the least livable cities.”
The researchers advocate for climate-sensitive urban planning. This includes preserving green spaces, enhancing tree cover, restoring water bodies, and using materials that reduce heat. They emphasize continuous monitoring of hotspots to better manage urban heat.
While previous studies have focused on Dhaka, Rajshahi’s situation sheds light on the vulnerabilities of other Bangladeshi cities. Moshiur Rahman, the CEO of the Rajshahi Development Authority, acknowledged the need for immediate attention to this issue.
In conclusion, Rajshahi’s warming issue is a vital wake-up call for better urban planning across all cities. Addressing these challenges could improve the overall quality of life for residents while ensuring sustainable development for the future.
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