Uncovering the Link: How Smoking Influences Colorectal Cancer – Insights from a Surgeon & Essential Prevention Tips

Colorectal cancer affects the colon or rectum and often begins as benign polyps. Without removal, these polyps can turn cancerous. One significant factor contributing to this type of cancer is tobacco use. In a discussion with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Neeraj Goel, a director of oncology services in Delhi, shed light on how smoking significantly increases the risk of colorectal cancer.

According to Dr. Goel, tobacco introduces harmful substances that can lead to cancer through several mechanisms:

1. Carcinogens: Tobacco smoke has over 70 substances known to cause cancer. These carcinogens can damage the DNA in colon cells, prompting abnormal and rapid cell growth.

2. Inflammation: Smoking causes persistent inflammation and oxidative stress in the body. These conditions can damage tissues and mutate genes, which can facilitate the development of tumors.

3. Cellular Disruption: Smoking alters how cells grow and divide, leading to uncontrolled cell production and higher chances of tumors forming.

4. Genetic Changes: Smoking can cause changes that silence genes meant to suppress tumors, allowing for uncontrolled cell growth.

Recent studies indicate that smoking can increase the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer by 18% to 30%. This risk varies by the frequency and duration of smoking; long-term smokers face a greater risk compared to casual users. Furthermore, even when individuals quit smoking, the risk can remain elevated for many years.

Fresh Insights and Context

A growing body of research suggests a troubling trend: colorectal cancer rates are on the rise among younger adults. According to a study published in JAMA Surgery, the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased among those under 50 years old. This upswing highlights the need to address not just smoking, but broader lifestyle factors that contribute to cancer risk. Many young people remain unaware of their susceptibility to colorectal cancer, often attributing it to older age.

Social media reactions to colorectal cancer awareness campaigns have reflected this situation, with users sharing personal stories and urging others to take preventive measures seriously. Users are increasingly advocating for early screenings, even at younger ages, to catch potential issues before they develop further.

Prevention Strategies

1. Quit Smoking: The most immediate benefit from stopping smoking is a lower risk of colorectal cancer and overall improvement in health.

2. Regular Screenings: Routine check-ups like colonoscopies can help detect any changes early. The American Cancer Society recommends these screenings starting at age 45 for average-risk individuals.

3. Healthy Living: A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, combined with regular exercise, can further improve health and reduce cancer risk.

By following these strategies, individuals can take proactive steps towards lowering their risk of colorectal cancer.

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