Off the coast of Western Australia, a humpback whale is caught in a stunning display. It twirls in the water, fins flaring, mouth open wide. This captivating sight, shared online, showcases a rare behavior called “gaping.”
As autumn settles in, the ocean becomes a bustling path for migrating humpback whales. Each May, these majestic creatures journey from the icy waters of Antarctica to the warmer breeding grounds in Queensland and New South Wales. This marks the beginning of whale-watching season for those lucky enough to have shoreline views.
A recent study from Macquarie University highlights the power of citizen science. Footage from whale watchers shows that gaping might be a social display among humpbacks. Dr. Vanessa Pirotta, a prominent whale scientist, emphasizes the valuable insights gained from everyday observers. “Just when we think we know a lot about humpback whales, we find there’s so much more to learn,” she says.
The behavior of gaping could be playful, a form of social interaction, or even a way for calves to stretch their jaws before feeding. Dr. Pirotta notes its rarity, saying, “Watching it happen was unexpected, and the reactions of onlookers confirmed its uniqueness.”
Veteran researcher Dr. Olaf Meynecke, studying marine life in South Australia, explains that whales typically open their mouths wide when feeding. This method is known as “lunge feeding,” where they take in massive amounts of water and prey. However, gaping occurs more often during migration when they aren’t actively hunting.
Katie Trepess, managing director of Whale Tales in Sydney, explains that humpbacks rely on stored fat during migration. Observing behaviors like “mugging,” where whales lift their heads to gaze at people on boats, is becoming increasingly common. Interestingly, sightings have already begun ahead of the season, which typically runs from mid-May to mid-November, prompting anticipation among local whale watchers.
In 2026, whale rescue organizations faced challenges. Reports of stranding and entanglement rose, particularly with a 93% increase in hotline calls in March. Ashley Ryan, president of the Organisation for the Rescue and Research of Cetaceans in Australia (Orrca), stresses the need for caution as whales come closer to shore: “This is one of nature’s great migrations, but it’s also vulnerable. Increased activity heightens the risk.”
As climate change and pollution put pressure on whale populations, tracking these magnificent animals is crucial for their survival. A lack of funding means citizen scientists play a vital role in monitoring their health and behavior.
For those wanting to catch a glimpse of the migration, numerous prime spots await in New South Wales. Locations like Cape Solander, Barrenjoey Lighthouse, and the trails along Sydney Harbour offer perfect viewing opportunities. The National Parks and Wildlife Service even lists many land-based vantage points along the coast.
Getting out on the water can provide a closer look. “Whale watching from the shoreline is beautiful, but seeing them up close is an unforgettable experience,” Trepess notes. With luck, you might even witness a rare gaping display amidst these incredible creatures.
For more information on whale-watching spots in NSW, visit the National Parks and Wildlife Service’s guide.
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