Current Affairs Update: April 19, 2025 – A Comprehensive Overview for UPSC, SSC, Banking, and Government Exams

Introduction

The events of April 19, 2025, paint a vivid picture of a world in flux, with developments spanning politics, economy, science, international relations, environment, and sports. For students preparing for competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, Banking, and other government exams, these updates are not just news—they are critical knowledge points that can make or break their performance. Drawing from credible sources such as The Hindu (Morning Digest), Hindustan Times (News Headlines), and GKToday (Current Affairs), this article offers a detailed, engaging, and exam-oriented overview. Written in simple English with a storytelling approach, it aims to be the most comprehensive resource available online, helping students gain a competitive edge.

Politics and Governance

India’s political landscape on April 19, 2025, is marked by intense debates and strategic maneuvers, reflecting the complexities of its democratic framework.

India-Bangladesh Diplomatic Tensions

A diplomatic spat has emerged between India and Bangladesh over minority rights. Bangladesh urged India to protect its minority Muslim population, but India rejected this call, instead expressing concerns about minority protection in Bangladesh (India-Bangladesh Relations). This exchange underscores the delicate balance of bilateral relations, a key topic for UPSC aspirants studying international relations. It highlights the need for mutual respect in addressing internal affairs, especially in a region with shared cultural and historical ties.

Opposition’s Clash with Vice-President

Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar faced sharp criticism from opposition leaders for describing Article 142 of the Constitution as a “nuclear missile against democratic forces” (Dhankhar Criticism). Article 142 empowers the Supreme Court to pass orders for complete justice, but Dhankhar’s remarks sparked a debate about judicial overreach. This controversy is significant for UPSC and SSC exams, as it touches on constitutional provisions and the separation of powers. It also reflects the ongoing tension between the judiciary and political entities, a recurring theme in governance discussions.

Congress’ Samvidhan Bachao Campaign

The Congress party announced a series of nationwide rallies starting April 25 under the banner Samvidhan Bachao (Save the Constitution) (Congress Rallies). This 40-day campaign aims to counter what Congress perceives as assaults on the Constitution by the BJP-led government. For exam aspirants, this development is crucial, as it highlights the centrality of constitutional issues in Indian politics. It also signals the intensifying political battle ahead of upcoming elections, making it a key point for UPSC’s polity section.

Regional Political Dynamics

In Tamil Nadu, Chief Minister M.K. Stalin challenged Union Home Minister Amit Shah, asserting that the BJP’s strategy of breaking parties would not succeed in the state (Tamil Nadu Politics). This reflects the strength of regional parties and their resistance to national political strategies, a topic often tested in SSC and Banking exams under current affairs.

In Bihar, Tejashwi Yadav was named the Chief Ministerial face of the Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance) by RJD MP Manoj Jha (Bihar Politics). This move indicates shifting alliances and power dynamics, a critical area for UPSC aspirants studying state politics.

Supreme Court on Consumer Rights

The Supreme Court upheld the right of homebuyers to peacefully protest against builders, condemning the criminal portrayal of such protests as an abuse of law (Homebuyers’ Rights). This ruling is significant for UPSC and Banking exams, as it strengthens consumer rights in the real estate sector, a growing area of economic and legal focus. It also highlights the judiciary’s role in protecting citizens’ rights, a key governance topic.

BJP MP’s Controversial Claim

BJP MP Nishikant Dubey stirred controversy by accusing the Supreme Court of inciting religious wars, alleging it was leading the country toward “anarchy” (Dubey’s Claim). This statement has sparked debates about the judiciary’s role in maintaining communal harmony, a sensitive topic for UPSC aspirants studying social issues and governance.

Economy

Economic developments on April 19, 2025, focus on taxation, environmental regulations, and energy policies, reflecting India’s efforts to balance growth with sustainability.

No GST on UPI Transactions

The government clarified that no Goods and Services Tax (GST) would be imposed on Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions exceeding ₹2,000, debunking misleading reports (GST Clarification). This is a significant update for Banking and SSC aspirants, as it reinforces the government’s commitment to promoting digital payments. UPI has become a cornerstone of India’s digital economy, and understanding its tax implications is crucial for exam preparation.

Reconsidering Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD)

The Union Environment Ministry is reevaluating its 2015 mandate requiring Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) in all coal-fired power plants (FGD Policy). A study by the National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS) suggests that FGD should only be mandatory for plants using imported or high-sulphur coal. This development is vital for UPSC aspirants, as it involves environmental regulations and their economic implications. The study highlights the need for a targeted approach to pollution control, balancing environmental goals with operational costs.

Challenges in FGD Implementation

Only 8% of India’s coal-fired power plants complied with the FGD mandate by 2018, with deadlines now extended to 2027-2029 (FGD Implementation). The installation cost is estimated at ₹1.2 crore per megawatt, with 230 plants working on implementation and 260 yet to place orders. This delay underscores the challenges in enforcing environmental regulations, a key topic for UPSC’s environment and economy sections.

Coal Quality and Environmental Impact

Most of India’s coal has a sulphur content of 0.3%-0.5%, and a 2024 IIT-Delhi study found no acid rain issues in India (Coal Quality). However, FGD implementation could increase power and freshwater consumption and add 69 million tonnes of CO2 emissions between 2025 and 2030, while reducing SO2 emissions by 17 million tonnes. The NIAS recommends focusing on reducing particulate matter (PM) pollution using electrostatic precipitators, which are more cost-effective. These trade-offs are critical for UPSC aspirants studying environmental policies.

Economic Topic	Key Details	Relevance for Exams
GST on UPI	No GST on transactions over ₹2,000, promoting digital payments	Banking, SSC
FGD Policy	Reconsidering mandate; targeted approach suggested	UPSC, Environment
FGD Implementation	Only 8% compliance by 2018; deadlines extended to 2027-2029	UPSC, Economy
Coal Quality	Low sulphur content; no acid rain; FGD trade-offs	UPSC, Environment

Science and Technology

April 19, 2025, showcased India’s growing role in global science and technology, alongside exciting astronomical discoveries.

PM Modi-Elon Musk Collaboration

Prime Minister Narendra Modi discussed potential technology collaboration with Elon Musk during a meeting in Washington DC (Modi-Musk Discussion). This dialogue highlights India’s interest in leveraging advanced technologies, such as renewable energy and space exploration, for economic growth. For UPSC and Banking aspirants, this is a key point in understanding India’s innovation ecosystem.

Indian Astronaut Mission

Shubhanshu Shukla is set to travel to space in May 2025 as part of the Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station (ISS) (Astronaut Mission). This milestone, led by ISRO, underscores India’s growing presence in space exploration, a critical topic for UPSC’s science and technology section. It also reflects India’s ambition to be a global leader in space research.

Exoplanet K2-18b Discovery

Astronomers identified K2-18b as an exoplanet, offering clues to the possibility of alien life (K2-18b Discovery). This discovery expands our understanding of the universe and is a fascinating point for UPSC aspirants studying scientific advancements. It also highlights the global interest in space exploration, a recurring theme in competitive exams.

Science & Tech Topic	Key Details	Relevance for Exams
Modi-Musk Collaboration	Discussed technology partnerships in Washington DC	UPSC, Banking
Axiom-4 Mission	Shubhanshu Shukla to travel to ISS in May 2025	UPSC, Science
K2-18b Exoplanet	Identified with potential for alien life	UPSC, Science

International Relations

Global events on April 19, 2025, reflect the interconnectedness of world affairs, with implications for India’s foreign policy.

U.S. Visa Revocations

Over 1,000 international students, including many from India, had their visas or legal status revoked in the U.S., leading to lawsuits against the Trump administration (Visa Revocations). This development highlights the challenges faced by students abroad and the evolving nature of U.S. immigration policies, a key topic for UPSC’s international relations section.

U.S. Airstrikes in Yemen

The U.S. conducted airstrikes on a Yemeni oil port, resulting in 74 deaths and 171 injuries, one of the deadliest incidents under Trump’s campaign (Yemen Airstrikes). This event has drawn international attention to the Yemen conflict, a critical area for UPSC aspirants studying global conflicts.

Russia-Ukraine Easter Truce

Russian President Vladimir Putin announced an Easter truce in the Russia-Ukraine war, lasting until midnight Sunday (Easter Truce). This temporary halt, announced in a televised address, reflects the role of religious observances in conflict zones, a nuanced topic for UPSC’s international relations.

EU-India Naval Exercise

The European Union Naval Force under Operation ATALANTA proposed a joint naval exercise with the Indian Navy (Naval Exercise). This initiative strengthens maritime cooperation, enhancing India’s role in global security. For UPSC aspirants, this is a key point in understanding India’s strategic partnerships.

International Relations Topic	Key Details	Relevance for Exams
U.S. Visa Revocations	Over 1,000 students affected; lawsuits filed	UPSC, International
Yemen Airstrikes	74 killed, 171 injured in U.S. strikes	UPSC, Global Conflicts
Russia-Ukraine Truce	Easter truce until midnight Sunday	UPSC, International
EU-India Naval Exercise	Operation ATALANTA proposes joint exercise	UPSC, Defense

Environment

Environmental and cultural developments on April 19, 2025, highlight India’s commitment to conservation and heritage.

DPS Flamingo Lake Conservation Reserve

The DPS Flamingo Lake was approved as a conservation reserve, a significant step toward preserving biodiversity and protecting endangered species like flamingos (Conservation Reserve). This is a key point for UPSC’s environment section, as it reflects India’s efforts to balance development with conservation.

UNESCO Memory of the World Register

The manuscripts of Arthashastra and Manusmriti were inscribed in UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register in April 2025 (UNESCO Register). This recognition celebrates India’s ancient texts, making it a point of pride for UPSC and SSC aspirants studying cultural heritage. Additionally, the Bhagavad Gita and Natyashastra were also added, bringing the total to 570 entries (Hindu Report).

World Heritage Day

World Heritage Day, observed on April 18, emphasizes the importance of preserving cultural and natural heritage (World Heritage Day). This annual event is a key point for UPSC aspirants, as it underscores global efforts to protect heritage sites.

Environment & Culture Topic	Key Details	Relevance for Exams
DPS Flamingo Lake	Approved as conservation reserve	UPSC, Environment
UNESCO Register	Arthashastra, Manusmriti, Bhagavad Gita, Natyashastra inscribed	UPSC, SSC, Culture
World Heritage Day	Observed on April 18	UPSC, Culture

Sports

Sports news on April 19, 2025, showcased India’s cricketing talent and milestones.

IPL 2025 Highlights

The Rajasthan Royals vs Lucknow Super Giants match was a highlight of the IPL 2025 season, with Avesh Khan claiming three wickets (IPL Highlights). Vaibhav Suryavanshi made history as the youngest IPL debutant at 14, scoring 34 runs off 20 deliveries (Youngest Debutant). These achievements are key for SSC and Banking exams under general knowledge.

Rohit Sharma’s Honor

Rohit Sharma, India’s cricket captain, expressed pride at having a stand named after him at Mumbai’s Wankhede Stadium (Rohit Sharma). This is a cultural milestone, relevant for SSC’s general awareness section.

Other Notable Events

Several other events on April 19, 2025, captured attention, ranging from humanitarian issues to tragedies.

World Press Photo 2025

A portrait of Mahmoud Ajjour, a Palestinian boy who lost both arms in an Israeli strike, won the World Press Photo of the Year ([World Press Photo](https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/portrait-of-palestinian-boy-who-lost-both-arms In-israeli-strike-wins-world-press-photo-of-the-year-for-2025/article69464738.ece)). This powerful image highlights the human cost of conflicts, a key point for UPSC’s international relations and social issues.

Tragedies and Incidents

• Delhi’s Mustafabad Building Collapse: The death toll rose to 11, with rescue operations ongoing (Building Collapse). This tragedy underscores the need for stricter building safety norms, a topic for UPSC’s urban development section.
• Odisha Clash: A clash between police and slum dwellers in Sundergarh, Odisha, resulted in one death and 19 injuries (Odisha Clash). This highlights tensions over land and housing rights, relevant for UPSC’s social issues.

Entertainment and Culture

• Malavika Mohanan discussed the “navel obsession” in South Indian films, reflecting on body image in cinema (Malavika Mohanan). This is a minor point for SSC’s general awareness.
• The movie Kesari Chapter 2, starring Akshay Kumar, R Madhavan, and Ananya Panday, collected ₹6 crore on its second day (Kesari Chapter 2), indicating its commercial success.

Conclusion

The current affairs of April 19, 2025, offer a comprehensive snapshot of India’s and the world’s evolving landscape. From political tensions and economic policies to scientific breakthroughs and environmental initiatives, these events are critical for competitive exam preparation. By understanding these developments, students can enhance their analytical skills and stay informed about the issues shaping our world. This article, grounded in credible sources, aims to provide a competitive edge by presenting complex information in a clear, engaging, and exam-oriented manner. Stay informed, stay ahead!

Daily quiz on current affairs with answers

Here are 10 multiple-choice current affairs quiz questions based on the events of 19 April 2025. Each question follows the exact styling and structure you requested:

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Question 1:
Which article of the Indian Constitution did Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar controversially refer to as a “nuclear missile against democratic forces”?
Option 1: Article 32
Option 2: Article 356
Option 3: Article 142
Option 4: Article 370
Option 5: Article 226
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar’s comment on Article 142, which empowers the Supreme Court to pass orders to ensure complete justice, triggered strong opposition criticism. The controversy highlights ongoing debates about the separation of powers and the judiciary’s role.

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Question 2:
Which Indian politician was recently declared the Chief Ministerial candidate of the Mahagathbandhan alliance in Bihar?
Option 1: Nitish Kumar
Option 2: Tejashwi Yadav
Option 3: Lalu Prasad Yadav
Option 4: Manoj Jha
Option 5: Sushil Modi
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: RJD MP Manoj Jha announced Tejashwi Yadav as the Chief Ministerial face of the Mahagathbandhan in Bihar, signaling a strategic move in the evolving political landscape ahead of the state elections.

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Question 3:
Which statement about the GST on UPI transactions is correct as of April 2025?
Option 1: All UPI transactions above ₹2,000 are taxed at 5%
Option 2: A flat GST of 2% applies to all UPI payments
Option 3: There is no GST on UPI transactions above ₹2,000
Option 4: GST applies only to merchant UPI accounts
Option 5: GST is applicable only on UPI withdrawals
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: The government clarified that no GST would be levied on UPI transactions exceeding ₹2,000, debunking previous misleading reports and reinforcing its support for digital payments.

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Question 4:
What is the main concern raised by India regarding Bangladesh in the recent diplomatic exchange?
Option 1: Alleged spying by Bangladesh
Option 2: Human rights violations of Hindus in Bangladesh
Option 3: Illegal immigration from Bangladesh
Option 4: Water-sharing disputes on the Teesta River
Option 5: Trade imbalances and currency issues
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: In response to Bangladesh’s remarks on Muslim minority protection in India, India raised concerns about the treatment of Hindus and other minorities in Bangladesh, highlighting diplomatic sensitivities in bilateral relations.

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Question 5:
Which Indian astronaut is scheduled to fly to space aboard the Axiom-4 mission in May 2025?
Option 1: Gaganyaan Sharma
Option 2: Rakesh Sharma
Option 3: Shubhanshu Shukla
Option 4: Sunita Williams
Option 5: Kalpana Desai
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: Shubhanshu Shukla is set to become a part of the Axiom-4 mission to the International Space Station, further strengthening India’s presence in global space missions.

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Question 6:
Which ancient Indian texts were added to UNESCO’s Memory of the World Register in April 2025?
Option 1: Ramayana and Mahabharata
Option 2: Arthashastra and Manusmriti
Option 3: Upanishads and Vedas
Option 4: Bhagavad Gita and Tirukkural
Option 5: Jataka Tales and Rigveda
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: UNESCO inscribed Arthashastra and Manusmriti into the Memory of the World Register, acknowledging their historical and cultural significance. Bhagavad Gita and Natyashastra were also added.

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Question 7:
Why is Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) policy under review in India?
Option 1: It causes severe health issues among plant workers
Option 2: It is ineffective in reducing sulphur emissions
Option 3: FGD installations increase CO2 emissions and operational costs
Option 4: It results in acid rain in urban areas
Option 5: The technology has been banned internationally
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: A study indicated that FGD installation leads to increased power and water consumption, and may add 69 million tonnes of CO2 between 2025–2030, prompting a re-evaluation of its mandatory implementation.

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Question 8:
Which cricket player became the youngest debutant in IPL history during the 2025 season?
Option 1: Avesh Khan
Option 2: Vaibhav Suryavanshi
Option 3: Yash Dhull
Option 4: Prithvi Shaw
Option 5: Shubman Gill
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: Vaibhav Suryavanshi made history as the youngest IPL debutant at just 14 years old, scoring 34 runs in his debut match, marking a significant moment in Indian cricket.

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Question 9:
Which of the following best describes India’s recent diplomatic move with the European Union?
Option 1: Bilateral Free Trade Agreement signed
Option 2: Joined Operation ATALANTA for naval cooperation
Option 3: Initiated a cultural exchange agreement
Option 4: Launched a joint climate summit
Option 5: Hosted EU Parliament delegation in New Delhi
Answer: Option 2
Explanation: The Indian Navy was invited to participate in a joint naval exercise with the EU Naval Force under Operation ATALANTA, indicating strengthened strategic maritime cooperation.

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Question 10:
Which environmental site was recently designated as a conservation reserve in India?
Option 1: Chilika Lake
Option 2: Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary
Option 3: DPS Flamingo Lake
Option 4: Loktak Lake
Option 5: Keoladeo National Park
Answer: Option 3
Explanation: DPS Flamingo Lake was approved as a conservation reserve to protect biodiversity, especially flamingos, reflecting India’s continued efforts in environmental conservation.