A recent study by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) has revealed some alarming trends about soil health in India. This research, led by Mangi Lal Jat and his team, dives deep into how improper fertilizer use and climate change are hurting organic carbon levels in soils across the country.
The study examined over 254,000 soil samples from 620 districts and spanned 29 states. It took six years, starting in 2017, and was published in the journal Land Degradation & Development. Project coordinator Arvind K. Shukla emphasized that organic carbon is crucial for soil health, influencing its chemistry and ability to support plant life. An earlier FAO study pointed to similar issues but with far fewer samples.
Here’s what they found: High organic carbon levels help reduce micronutrient deficiencies in the soil, while low levels increase them. Factors like temperature, rainfall, and elevation strongly impact organic carbon content. Interestingly, areas with higher elevations showed richer organic carbon compared to lower lands. In places like Rajasthan and Telangana, high temperatures corresponded to lower organic carbon.
The team also created an “agri-ecological base” map, which can help guide agricultural policies. They noted that rice and pulse cropping systems tend to retain more organic carbon compared to wheat and coarse grains. In regions where fertilizers—especially urea—were used excessively, such as in Haryana and Punjab, soil health suffered. In contrast, places like Bihar, which practice balanced fertilizer use, showed better soil conditions.
Climate change poses another significant threat. The study warns that rising temperatures could lead to further declines in organic carbon, impacting not just soil health but also carbon credits and greenhouse gas emissions. More carbon in the soil means better heat absorption. If levels drop, it could lead to more heat reflection, exacerbating the greenhouse effect—a serious concern for the environment.
To tackle these issues, scientists recommend policies aimed at enhancing soil carbon levels. This includes promoting organic carbon sequestration in low-carbon regions and providing incentives for farmers who successfully trap atmospheric carbon in their soils. Research also highlights the need for innovative crop management strategies to adapt to climate change.
As public awareness of soil health grows, social media users are beginning to rally for sustainable farming practices. Many are sharing tips on organic farming and how to improve soil health. The conversation around soil is more important than ever, as it directly relates to food security and climate resilience.
For a broader perspective on soil health and sustainability, you can check resources from the FAO. The findings from this study underscore the urgency of adopting sound agricultural practices to protect and enrich our soils for future generations.
Source link
soil organic carbon,imbalance in fertiliser,Climate change, imbalance in fertiliser use kill soil’s organic carbon: ICAR study,ICAR study on soil organic carbon
